Approaches to treatment of atopic dermatitis (AtD) in children of the first year of life were considered, as well as the possibilities of natural feeding in children with AtD. Recommendations on nutrition of children of early age with AtD and choice of dietary nutrition were given. 

We reviewed main clinical approaches to diagnostics and therapy of key life-threatening hereditary amino-acid metabolism diseases related to the group of organic acidurias, such as maple syrup urine disease (MSUD). Clinical-genetic forms of MSUD and characteristics of its clinical manifestations were described, as well as methods of diagnostics and treatment. 

The possibility of application of blood laser irradiation (BLI) in coronavirus infection was estimated, basing on the study whose purpose was prevention of chemotherapy complications in oncological patients by BLI method. The study showed that this method allows to increase immunity, enhances oxygen supply, relieves vasospasm, and prevents thrombus formation in the vessels. All these BLI features give a basis for use of this method in coronavirus infection. 

A two-stage study aimed at revealing risk factors for pneumonia-complicated whooping cough and methods of correction of these factors at the ambulatory stage was conducted. It is necessary to modernize the existing national vaccination calendar with the inclusion of vaccination of pregnant women and revaccination of children at school age, as well as to actively educate health workers and the population to reduce the total number of pertussis diseases and the number of cases complicated by pneumonia. 

The article focuses on cerebral allergy (CA), described in the middle of 20th century. The evolution of subsequent notions about CA and some relevant definitions are provided. Mechanisms of CA are outlined along with the data concerning pyrroles and pyroluria. Main neurologic and psychiatric manifestations of CA and pyroluria are described, along with treatment approaches. 

The review article contains up-to-date information on the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical features, and genetic diagnosis of chronic adrenal insufficiency in children and adolescents. Diseases associated with hypocorticism are described. Diagnostic methods and treatment tactics are presented. 

Nutrition of pregnant and nursing women in the hospital requires more careful attitude and, possibly, revision and addition of existing recommendations. Analysis of nutrition in the obstetric physiological department revealed a discrepancy between actual nutrition and requirements for basic nutrients and energy for pregnant women, with a diet deficiency in certain nutrients (vitamin D, iodine, zinc, and iron) with normal energy, protein, fat and carbohydrate content and excess in a number of other nutrients (phosphorus, potassium, sodium, vitamins C and B12). 

In order to reveal the dependence of the threat of premature birth in pregnant women on the concentration of macro- and microelements, a comparative analysis was performed in the blood of 92 pregnant women aged 19 to 37 before and after treatment. A quantitative elemental analysis of blood serum was performed for 5 elements: Ca, Fe, K, Na, Se by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP MS 7700e, Intertech. Corp., USA). Content analysis macro- and microelements revealed that during pregnancy, childbirth and the perinatal period, a violation of their quantity is of big importance. An authentically significant dependence of the development of preterm labor on the balance of macro- and micronutrients was noted. 

The adherence to a low-phosphate diet in the daily life of dialysis patients was evaluated. The study included 102 patients on renal replacement therapy with programmed hemodialysis. According to the survey, analysis of adherence to a low-phosphate diet by patients was performed. The main causes of non-compliance of patients with low phosphate diets were identified. It was revealed that patients on renal replacement therapy with programmed hemodialysis do not stick to the low-phosphate diet to full extent. 

The analysis of the recently obtained results of examination of dietary intake and sufficiency of pre-school children’s organism with vitamins and minerals showed that the problem of multiple micronutrient deficiency still remains unsolved. In order to prevent deficiency of vitamins and minerals, additional year-round intake of multiple micronutrient supplements is required. 

We conducted observational clinical study of influence of application of special high-energy food product on physical development and life quality of children with cystic fibrosis. 

Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) is a hydrophilic bile acid, a potent antioxidant, which is currently used as a «panacea» for drug treatment of wide range of hepatic diseases. Pharmacokinetics and action mechanisms of UDCA were shown, as well as UDCA use in different cholestatic diseases. UDCA is widely used in the therapy of different hepatic diseases, and in cholestatic diseases, it is the firstline therapeutic drug. 

Orbital inflammation may occur as local manifestation of systemic disease, in infections, neoplasms and as idiopathic process. Development of new therapeutic modalities requires more fundamental comprehension of the disease and collaboration with other medical specialists, especially rheumatologists and transplantologists. 

The publication is dedicated to the guidelines based on the authors’ personal experience on diagnostics and treatment of the novel coronavirus infection COVID-19, and its complications. The most important recommendations are related to the issues of correct understanding of lung lesions under COVID-19 from the perspective of practicing physicians, and challenging questions of using antibacterial therapy were analyzed. It is very important to analyze if it is necessary to define two biomarkers of inflammatory response – S-reactive protein and procalcitonin. Internal data on the result of using systemic gluco-corticosteroids under COVID-19 were presented, and the recommendations on their use were given. 

High degree of lethality, progressive increase of complications of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), reduction of performance and formation of incapacitation make CAP an important medical and social problem. According to the modern concept of development of pulmonological service in Russia, for complex solution of the problem of high rate of CAP morbidity, it is necessary not only to develop questions of diagnostics and therapy, but also perfect methods of drug rehabilitation. The objective of the study was to assess clinical efficiency of inclusion of immunomodulator and repair in complex treatment of community-acquired pneumonia in patients with different degree of rehabilitation potential. The study was conducted on clinical bases of the chair of clinical therapy of FSBI of Voronezh region, Voronezh State Medical University named after N.N. Burdenko of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia. In total, the study included 64 patients at the age of 18–55. It was defined that to assess the dynamics of CAP course, content of CD3, CD8, CD22 in blood, as well as concentration of IL-1, IL-8, IL-10 are the most significant in terms of diagnostics. The study results showed that, at the stage of rehabilitation, addition of sodium deoxyribonucleate in patients diagnosed with «CAP, I–II risk class (PSI)», to the standard therapy, gives more productive recovery of pulmonary tissue structures, as compared to the results in patients who got only standard therapy, normalizes most indicators of immune status, and pro-inflammatory cytokines, allowing to reduce the timelines of the patients’ temporary disability. 

Currently, the first-line drugs for acne treatment are systemic retinoids. This group of drugs has a pronounced hepatotoxic effect, which should be taken into account when using them in standard acne treatment schemes. The aim of the study was to study the effect of ursodeoxycholic acid on the tolerability and effectiveness of systemic isotretinoin therapy in patients with severe acne taking combined oral contraceptives.