Rhinitis is one of the most common diseases and is often the initial key link in the formation of respiratory pathology of both upper and lower respiratory tract. This review provides information on importance of analytical approach to identifying risk factors, phenotypic classification, criteria for diagnosis and therapy of non-allergic rhinitis. 

Therapy of allergic rhinitis is considered. In addition to the program for the treatment and rehabilitation of patients with allergic
rhinitis, regulated by the international conciliation document ARIA, the use of bioregulation medications is presented.

The report presents the results of the IL4 and IL10 serum levels investigation in patients with atopic dermatitis during the exacerbation of the disease and after phototherapy, as well as in comparison with healthy donors. The obtained results showed higher concentrations of IL10 in patients with atopic dermatitis during exacerbation and decrease of its level after phototherapy. 

The article presents the basic information about the various effects of probiotic strains on the formation of resistance of the human body to various pathogens and immune response. The data of studies confirming the influence of lacto- and bifidobacteria on the incidence of various acute respiratory and intestinal infections are presented. It is shown that preventive administration of compositions containing studied probiotics, or, if necessary, polycomponentsynbiotic complexes, promotes adequate functioning of the immune system, reduces seasonal morbidity in children and adults. 

Diagnosis and treatment of food allergies in children is one of the pressing problems of practical medicine. Despite the study of the problem, often the clinical manifestations of food allergies are wrong and inadequately treated. The purpose of this article is to describe the key mechanisms for the formation of food allergies. The article presents modern ideas about IgE and non-IgE-dependent food allergies. Perspective methods of laboratory diagnostics of non-IgE-dependent food allergy are discussed. 

In cohort of women in menopause after osteoporotic fractures of different localizations, adherence to anti-osteoporotic treatment was studied, and its influence on changes in life quality and risk of new fractures in the course of 3-year follow-up period was evaluated. It was defined that adherence to the treatment during 3 years accounted for 20%. Life quality in those patients who got antiosteoporotic treatment, was recovered authentically faster, and the risk of repeated fractures in the patients who didn’t get the therapy, was 3,5 times higher. 

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of diacerein and its effect on endothelial dysfunction in patients with osteoarthritis in combination with arterial hypertension. It was an open prospective cohort study. 47 patients aged 44 to 69 years with osteoarthritis of the knee joints I–II stage and arterial hypertension I–II degree were included. 

Diagnosis and treatment of food allergies in children is one of the pressing problems of practical medicine. Despite the study of the problem, the clinical manifestations of food allergies are often interpreted wrong and treated inadequately. The purpose of this article is to describe the key mechanisms for the formation of food allergies. The article presents modern ideas about IgE and non-IgEdependent food allergies. Perspective methods of laboratory diagnostics of non-IgE-dependent food allergy are discussed. 

Joint pain in children is a common problem of a growing body. Arthralgia is diagnosed erroneously, sometimes despite the fact that the problem has been studied enough. The purpose of this article is a detailed description of different forms of benign and pathologic arthralgia in children. The article contains modern ideas about the causes of children’s arthralgia and description of the pain as one of the symptoms of various forms of joint disease. The features of clinical and instrumental diagnosis of joint pathology in children are clearly presented. 

The authors present the results of the study of one of the basic physiological properties of microorganisms of intestinal microbiota — the ability to biofilm formation (BF) in children with reactive arthritis. It was shown that BF is a biological marker which determines the arthritogenicity of microorganisms of the intestinal microbiota and can serve as a biological target for the choice of effective therapy in arthritis. 

Alfacalcidol is an active synthetic preparation of vitamin D, characterized by high bioavailability and broad pharmacological properties. The article substantiates the possibility of widespread use of alfacalcidol in children and adolescents with osteoporosis of endocrine genesis. 

Definition, classification variants, etiology, pathogenesis and clinical syndromology of hydrocephalus (congenital and acquired) in pediatric patients are considered, as well as contemporary approaches to diagnostics, methods of management (pharmacological and neurosurgical) and prevention for this type of central nervous system pathology. 

In the article, vitiligo appears as a chronic multifactorial disease of the skin of unclear etiology from the group of dyschromias with completely different mechanisms of its pathogenesis and levels of malignant melanin formation in the skin. The authors provide their own clinical observations of patients with vitiligo in combination with psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, rosacea. 

The characteristic of viruses of herpes simplex 1 and 2 types (HSV-1 and HSV-2) and the main clinical forms of infection in men was given. The pathogenesis of reproductive disorders in men with the participation of HSV is presented. The mechanisms of antiviral immunity and the significance of interferon system in the formation of immune reactions are considered. A comprehensive approach with the use of chemotherapy drugs, interferon inducers and drugs of substitution interferon therapy for the treatment of men with recurrent viral herpes infection and infertility is proposed. 

The paper presents the analysis of effectiveness of the triple and optimized consecutive schemes of anti-Helicobacter pylory (H. pylori) treatment in type 2 diabetic patients with gastro-duodenal disorders. The use of optimized consecutive scheme resulted in H. pylori eradication in 90% of diabetic patients comparing with 85,7% in patients on the triple therapy. 

The article gives analysis of the data on the issues of relevance of diagnostics of antenatal and postnatal cytomegaloviral infection (CMVI), as well as treatment of acute CMVI in the pregnant, fetus and newborns. National clinical guidelines on diagnostics and treatment of congenital CMVI developed by the Russian Association of antenatal medicine in 2016, were presented; as well as the first unofficial international guidelines on the issues of diagnostics and treatment of congenital CMVI.