Prevention of obesity and overweight in young children
https://doi.org/10.51793/OS.2022.25.3.009
Abstract
Currently, the problem of obesity and overweight has covered all countries of the world, including Russia. The number of children, including preschool-aged children, is growing. Which causes particular concern, since at this age food habits and taste preferences are formed, which determine the contribution for all subsequent periods of life. The issues of prevention of obesity and overweight come to the fore, in order to prevent the development of metabolic disorders (diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, pathology of the gastrointestinal tract and others). The main principles of prevention of obesity and overweight are dietotherapy, regular physical activity, reduction of time spent in front of the screen, normalization of sleep, instilling the rules of proper nutrition in the family. Dietotherapy includes a reduction in the total caloric of the diet, due to an increase in the use of fruits and vegetables, as well as a reduction in fats and refined carbohydrates. Attention is focused on the need to exclude sweetened beverages, while fruit juices can be used in nutrition, however, the amount consumed should be strictly limited. According to international recommendations, the intake of fruit juices is possible from the age of one year. From one year to three years, the maximum allowable consumption of fruit juice is 120 ml, from four years 120-180 ml. According to Russian recommendations, the introduction of fruit juice is possible from the age of 8 months. Physical activity at an early age should be at least 180 minutes a day. And the time spent in front of the screen should not exceed 60 minutes a day. The child's parents should actively participate in the process of obesity prevention. To improve psychological interaction, it is desirable that meals are carried out together with parents. You should not force a child to eat by force. Food should not be as a means of encouragement or repression.
About the Author
А. A. Pisareva
University Children's Clinical Hospital of the Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Elena A. Pisareva, MD, pediatric endocrinologist
SPIN: 7463-2105
19 b. 1 Bolshaya Pirogovskaya str., Moscow, 119435
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Review
For citations:
Pisareva А.A. Prevention of obesity and overweight in young children. Lechaschi Vrach. 2022;(3):59-63. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.51793/OS.2022.25.3.009
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