<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">lvrach</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Лечащий Врач</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lechaschi Vrach</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1560-5175</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2687-1181</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Издательство "Открытые системы"»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51793/OS.2022.25.3.009</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">lvrach-898</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТРАНИЧКА ПЕДИАТРА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PEDIATRICIAN’S PAGE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Профилактика ожирения и избыточной массы тела у детей раннего возраста</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Prevention of obesity and overweight in young children</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Писарева</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pisareva</surname><given-names>А. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Писарева Елена Александровна, к.м.н., детский эндокринолог</p><p>SPIN: 7463-2105</p><p>119435, Москва, ул. Большая Пироговская, 19 стр. 1</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena A. Pisareva, MD, pediatric endocrinologist</p><p>SPIN: 7463-2105</p><p>19 b. 1 Bolshaya Pirogovskaya str., Moscow, 119435</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pisarevaea@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университетская детская клиническая больница Федерального государственного автономного образовательного учреждения высшего образования Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет&#13;
имени И. М. Сеченова Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>University Children's Clinical Hospital of the Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>03</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>59</fpage><lpage>63</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Писарева Е.А., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Писарева Е.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pisareva А.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.lvrach.ru/jour/article/view/898">https://journal.lvrach.ru/jour/article/view/898</self-uri><abstract><p>В настоящее время проблема ожирения и избыточного веса охватила все страны мира, в том числе и Россию. Неуклонно растет число детей, в том числе раннего возраста, что вызывает особые опасения, так как в данном возрасте формируются пищевые привычки и вкусовые пристрастия на все последующие периоды жизни. На первый план выходят вопросы профилактики ожирения и избыточного веса с целью предотвращения развития метаболических нарушений (сахарный диабет, дислипидемия, патология желудочно-кишечного тракта и другие). Основными принципами профилактики ожирения и избыточного веса являются диетотерапия, регулярная физическая активность, уменьшение времени, проведенного перед экраном, нормализация режима сна, привитие правил правильного питания в семье. Диетотерапия включает в себя снижение общей калорийности рациона за счет увеличения употребления фруктов и овощей, а также уменьшения жиров и рафинированных углеводов. Акцентируется внимание на необходимости исключения подслащенных напитков, при этом фруктовые соки могут быть использованы в питании, однако должно быть строго ограничено потребляемое количество. По данным международных рекомендаций прием фруктовых соков возможен с годовалого возраста. С года до трех лет максимально допустимое потребление фруктового сока составляет 120 мл, с четырех лет – 120-180 мл. По данным российских рекомендаций введение фруктового сока возможно с возраста 8 месяцев. Физическая активность в раннем возрасте должна составлять не менее 180 минут в день. А время, проведенное перед экраном, не должно превышать 60 минут в день. Родители ребенка должны активно участвовать в процессе профилактики ожирения. Для улучшения психологического взаимодействия желательно, чтобы приемы пищи осуществлялись совместно с родителями. Не следует заставлять ребенка есть через силу. Еда не должна быть средством поощрения или наказания.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Currently, the problem of obesity and overweight has covered all countries of the world, including Russia. The number of children, including preschool-aged children, is growing. Which causes particular concern, since at this age food habits and taste preferences are formed, which determine the contribution for all subsequent periods of life. The issues of prevention of obesity and overweight come to the fore, in order to prevent the development of metabolic disorders (diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, pathology of the gastrointestinal tract and others). The main principles of prevention of obesity and overweight are dietotherapy, regular physical activity, reduction of time spent in front of the screen, normalization of sleep, instilling the rules of proper nutrition in the family. Dietotherapy includes a reduction in the total caloric of the diet, due to an increase in the use of fruits and vegetables, as well as a reduction in fats and refined carbohydrates. Attention is focused on the need to exclude sweetened beverages, while fruit juices can be used in nutrition, however, the amount consumed should be strictly limited. According to international recommendations, the intake of fruit juices is possible from the age of one year. From one year to three years, the maximum allowable consumption of fruit juice is 120 ml, from four years 120-180 ml. According to Russian recommendations, the introduction of fruit juice is possible from the age of 8 months. Physical activity at an early age should be at least 180 minutes a day. And the time spent in front of the screen should not exceed 60 minutes a day. The child's parents should actively participate in the process of obesity prevention. To improve psychological interaction, it is desirable that meals are carried out together with parents. You should not force a child to eat by force. Food should not be as a means of encouragement or repression.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ожирение</kwd><kwd>избыток массы тела</kwd><kwd>дети раннего возраста</kwd><kwd>профилактика</kwd><kwd>фруктовый сок</kwd><kwd>физическая активность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>obesity</kwd><kwd>overweight</kwd><kwd>preschool-aged children</kwd><kwd>prevention</kwd><kwd>fruit juice</kwd><kwd>physical activity</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рекомендации по диагностике, лечению и профилактике ожирения у детей и подростков. М.: Практика, 2015.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Recommendations for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of obesity in children and adolescents. M.: Praktika, 2015.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Информационный бюллетень ВОЗ от 09.06.2021 (https://www.who.int/ru/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">WHO Newsletter of 09.06.2021 (https://www.who.int/ru/news-room/factsheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Klish W. J., Skelton J. A. Definition, epidemiology, and etiology of obesity in children and adolescents (https://www.uptodate.com/contents/definition-epidemiology-and-etiology-of-obesity-in-children-andadolescents?source=history_widget).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Klish W. J., Skelton J. A. Definition, epidemiology, and etiology of obesity in children and adolescents (https://www.uptodate.com/contents/definition-epidemiology-and-etiology-of-obesity-in-children-andadolescents?source=history_widget).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Whitaker R. C., Wright J. A., Pepe M. S., et al. Predicting obesity in young adulthood from childhood and parental obesity // N Engl J Med. 1997; 337: 869.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Whitaker R. C., Wright J. A., Pepe M. S., et al. Predicting obesity in young adulthood from childhood and parental obesity // N Engl J Med. 1997; 337: 869.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC). Worldwide trends in body-mass index, underweight, overweight, and obesity from 1975 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 2416 population-based measurement studies in 128·9 million children, adolescents, and adults // Lancet. 2017; 390: 2627.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC). Worldwide trends in body-mass index, underweight, overweight, and obesity from 1975 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 2416 population-based measurement studies in 128·9 million children, adolescents, and adults // Lancet. 2017; 390: 2627.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Петеркова В. А., Ремизов О. В. Ожирение в детском возрасте // Ожирение и метаболизм. 2004; 1: 17-23.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Peterkova V. A., Remizov O. V. Obesity in childhood // Ozhireniye i metabolizm. 2004; 1: 17-23.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Latest WHO data on child obesity shows that southern European countries havethe highest rate of childhood obesity/доклад Dr Joao Breda 25 ЕСО май 2018, Австрия).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Latest WHO data on child obesity shows that southern European countries havethe highest rate of childhood obesity/доклад Dr Joao Breda 25 ЕСО май 2018, Австрия).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Styne D. M., Arslanian S. A., Connor E. L., Farooqi I. S., Murad M. H., Silverstein J. H., Yanovski J. A. Pediatric Obesity—Assessment, Treatment, and Prevention: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline // J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2017; 102 (3): 709-757.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Styne D. M., Arslanian S. A., Connor E. L., Farooqi I. S., Murad M. H., Silverstein J. H., Yanovski J. A. Pediatric Obesity—Assessment, Treatment, and Prevention: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline // J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2017; 102 (3): 709-757.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Daniels S. R., Hassink S. G. Committee on Nutrition. The role of the pediatrician in primary prevention of obesity // Pediatrics. 2015; 136: e275-e292.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Daniels S. R., Hassink S. G. Committee on Nutrition. The role of the pediatrician in primary prevention of obesity // Pediatrics. 2015; 136: e275-e292.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">James J., Thomas P., Cavan D., Kerr D. Preventing childhood obesity by reducing consumption of carbonated drinks: cluster randomised controlled trial // BMJ. 2004; 328: 1237.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">James J., Thomas P., Cavan D., Kerr D. Preventing childhood obesity by reducing consumption of carbonated drinks: cluster randomised controlled trial // BMJ. 2004; 328: 1237.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pereira M. A., Ludwig D. S. Dietary fiber and body-weight regulation. Observations and mechanisms // Pediatr Clin North Am. 2001; 48: 969-980.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pereira M. A., Ludwig D. S. Dietary fiber and body-weight regulation. Observations and mechanisms // Pediatr Clin North Am. 2001; 48: 969-980.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Glickman D., Parker L., Sim L., Del Valle Cook H., Miller E. A., eds. Accelerating Progress in Obesity Prevention: Solving the Weight of the Nation. Washington, DC: National Academies Press; 2012.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Glickman D., Parker L., Sim L., Del Valle Cook H., Miller E. A., eds. Accelerating Progress in Obesity Prevention: Solving the Weight of the Nation. Washington, DC: National Academies Press; 2012.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bray G. A., Popkin B. M. Calorie-sweetened beverages and fructose: what have we learned 10 years later // Pediatr Obes. 2013; 8: 242-248.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bray G. A., Popkin B. M. Calorie-sweetened beverages and fructose: what have we learned 10 years later // Pediatr Obes. 2013; 8: 242-248.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Caprio S. Calories from soft drinks — do they matter? // N Engl J Med. 2012; 367: 1462-1463.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Caprio S. Calories from soft drinks — do they matter? // N Engl J Med. 2012; 367: 1462-1463.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shin S. M. Association of meat intake with overweight and obesity among school-aged children and adolescents // J Obes Metab Syndr. 2017; 26: 217-226.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shin S. M. Association of meat intake with overweight and obesity among school-aged children and adolescents // J Obes Metab Syndr. 2017; 26: 217-226.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Crowe T. C., Fontaine H. L., Gibbons C. J., Cameron-Smith D., Swinburn B. A. Energy density of foods and beverages in the Australian food supply: influence of macronutrients and comparison to dietary intake // Eur J Clin Nutr. 2004; 58.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Crowe T. C., Fontaine H. L., Gibbons C. J., Cameron-Smith D., Swinburn B. A. Energy density of foods and beverages in the Australian food supply: influence of macronutrients and comparison to dietary intake // Eur J Clin Nutr. 2004; 58.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shin H. J., Cho E., Lee H. J., Fung T. T., Rimm E., Rosner B., et al. Instant noodle intake and dietary patterns are associated with distinct cardiometabolic risk factors in Korea // J Nutr. 2014; 144: 1247-1255.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shin H. J., Cho E., Lee H. J., Fung T. T., Rimm E., Rosner B., et al. Instant noodle intake and dietary patterns are associated with distinct cardiometabolic risk factors in Korea // J Nutr. 2014; 144: 1247-1255.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Healthy Beverage Consumptionin Early Childhood Recommendations from Key National Healthand Nutrition Organizations 2019.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Healthy Beverage Consumptionin Early Childhood Recommendations from Key National Healthand Nutrition Organizations 2019.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Программа оптимизации вскармливания детей первого года жизни в Российской П78 Федерации: методические рекомендации / ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России. М.: б. и., 2019. 112 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">The program for optimizing the feeding of children in the first year of life in the Russian П78 Federation: guidelines / FGAU «NMITS zdorov'ya detey» Minzdrava Rossii. M.: b. i., 2019. P. 112.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Auerbach B. J., Wolf F. M., Hikida A., Vallila-Buchman P., Littman A., Thompson D., Louden D., Taber D. R., Krieger J. Fruit Juice and Change in BMI: A Meta-analysis. Affiliations expand, PMID: 28336576, PMCID: PMC5369671, DOI: 10.1542/peds.2016-2454.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Auerbach B. J., Wolf F. M., Hikida A., Vallila-Buchman P., Littman A., Thompson D., Louden D., Taber D. R., Krieger J. Fruit Juice and Change in BMI: A Meta-analysis. Affiliations expand, PMID: 28336576, PMCID: PMC5369671, DOI: 10.1542/peds.2016-2454.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кормление и питание детей грудного и раннего возраста. Методические рекомендации для Европейского региона ВОЗ с особым акцентов на республики бывшего Советского Союза. Региональная публикация ВОЗ. Европейская серия № 87.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Feeding and nutrition of infants and young children. Guidelines for the WHO European Region with a special focus on the republics of the former Soviet Union. WHO regional publication. Yevropeyskaya seriya № 87.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fruit Juice in Infants, Children, and Adolescents: Current Recommendations. Melvin B Heyman, Steven A Abrams, SECTION ON GASTROENTEROLOGY, HEPATOLOGY, AND NUTRITION; COMMITTEE ON NUTRITION // Pediatrics. 2017; 139 (6): e20170967. DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-0967.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fruit Juice in Infants, Children, and Adolescents: Current Recommendations. Melvin B Heyman, Steven A Abrams, SECTION ON GASTROENTEROLOGY, HEPATOLOGY, AND NUTRITION; COMMITTEE ON NUTRITION // Pediatrics. 2017; 139 (6): e20170967. DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-0967.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Программа оптимизации питания детей в возрасте от 1 года до 3 лет в Российской Федерации: П78 методические рекомендации / ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России. М.: б. и., 2019. 36 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">The program for optimizing the nutrition of children aged 1 to 3 years in the Russian Federation: П78 guidelines / FGAU «NMITS zdorov'ya detey» Minzdrava Rossii. M.: b. i., 2019. 36.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tremblay M. S., LeBlanc A. G., Kho M. E., Saunders T. J., Larouche R. Colley R. C., Goldfield G., Connor Gorber S. Systematic review of sedentary behaviour and health indicators in school-aged children and youth // Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2011; 8: 98.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tremblay M. S., LeBlanc A. G., Kho M. E., Saunders T. J., Larouche R. Colley R. C., Goldfield G., Connor Gorber S. Systematic review of sedentary behaviour and health indicators in school-aged children and youth // Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2011; 8: 98.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Guidelines on physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep for children under 5 years of age, World Health Organization 2019 (https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/311664).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Guidelines on physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep for children under 5 years of age, World Health Organization 2019 (https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/311664).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Davis C. L., Tomporowski P. D., McDowell J. E., Austin B. P., Miller P. H., Yanasak N. E., Allison J. D., Naglieri J. A. Exercise improves executive function and achievement and alters brain activation in overweight children: a randomized, controlled trial // Health Psychol. 2011; 30: 91-98.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Davis C. L., Tomporowski P. D., McDowell J. E., Austin B. P., Miller P. H., Yanasak N. E., Allison J. D., Naglieri J. A. Exercise improves executive function and achievement and alters brain activation in overweight children: a randomized, controlled trial // Health Psychol. 2011; 30: 91-98.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Te Velde S. J., van Nassau F., Uijtdewilligen L., van Stralen M. M., Cardon G., De Craemer M., Manios Y., Brug J., Chinapaw M. J. Energy balance-related behaviours associated with overweight and obesity in preschool children: a systematic review of prospective studies // Obes Rev. 2012; 13 (Suppl 1): 56-74.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Te Velde S. J., van Nassau F., Uijtdewilligen L., van Stralen M. M., Cardon G., De Craemer M., Manios Y., Brug J., Chinapaw M. J. Energy balance-related behaviours associated with overweight and obesity in preschool children: a systematic review of prospective studies // Obes Rev. 2012; 13 (Suppl 1): 56-74.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Epstein L. H., Roemmich J. N., Robinson J. L., Paluch R. A., Winiewicz D. D., Fuerch J. H., Robinson T. N. A randomized trial of the effects of reducing television viewing and computer use on body mass index in young children // Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2008; 162: 239-245.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Epstein L. H., Roemmich J. N., Robinson J. L., Paluch R. A., Winiewicz D. D., Fuerch J. H., Robinson T. N. A randomized trial of the effects of reducing television viewing and computer use on body mass index in young children // Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2008; 162: 239-245.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Weng S. F., Redsell S. A., Swift J. A., Yang M., Glazebrook C. P. Systematic review and meta-analyses of risk factors for childhood overweight identifiable during infancy // Arch Dis Child. 2012; 97: 1019-1026.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Weng S. F., Redsell S. A., Swift J. A., Yang M., Glazebrook C. P. Systematic review and meta-analyses of risk factors for childhood overweight identifiable during infancy // Arch Dis Child. 2012; 97: 1019-1026.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Small L., Lane H., Vaughan L., Melnyk B., McBurnett D. A systematic review of the evidence: the effects of portion size manipulation with children and portion education/training interventions on dietary intake with adults // Worldviews Evid Based Nurs. 2013; 10: 69-81.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Small L., Lane H., Vaughan L., Melnyk B., McBurnett D. A systematic review of the evidence: the effects of portion size manipulation with children and portion education/training interventions on dietary intake with adults // Worldviews Evid Based Nurs. 2013; 10: 69-81.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
