Features of the course of extrapulmonary tuberculosis in pregnant women (clinical case)

Background. Extrapulmonary tuberculosis represents organ and tissue damage caused by Micobacterium tuberculosis. It can occur in the absence of pulmonary tuberculosis or it can be associated with concurrent pulmonary involvement. Tuberculosis can affect any organ system, with the exception of muscle tissue, nails and hair. The potential sites of involvement include peripheral lymph nodes, bones, kidneys, eyes and middle ear. Following primary infection, notwithstanding successful therapy, the infection can reactivate at any time and in any part of the body. Extrapulmonary tuberculosis in pregnant women presents unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to physiological changes during pregnancy and the often nonspecific clinical manifestations. Extrapulmonary tuberculosis can affect various organs, including lymph nodes, bones, kidneys, and the reproductive system, complicating timely diagnosis. The condition poses risks to both mother and fetus, such as preterm birth, low birth weight, and maternal morbidity. Early detection and appropriate treatment are crucial to improve outcomes. Understanding the features of extrapulmonary tuberculosis in pregnancy is essential for healthcare providers to ensure prompt management, prevent complications, and safeguard the health of both mother and child.

Results. A comprehensive clinical case analysis was conducted in a scientific article on a pregnant woman with extrapulmonary tuberculosis, identifying the features of the disease course, evaluating diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, and determining the factors influencing pregnancy outcomes and the health of the mother and fetus.

Conclusion. In a patient with multiple infectious episodes and signs of chronic inflammation, including caseous lymphadenitis, a comprehensive and long-term monitoring is necessary. If tuberculosis is confirmed, anti-tuberculosis therapy should be initiated. Timely diagnosis and treatment are crucial to ensure a favorable outcome for both mother and child.

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