Bronchial asthma and obesity are a pathological tandem: the role of nutrition

Recently, the influence of malnutrition on the occurrence and progression of bronchial asthma and obesityhas been increasingly studied. Obesity is a 21st century pandemic. Now, there is evidence of the effect of obesity on the risk of developing bronchial asthma. An increased intake of saturated fat leads to an increase in circulating free fatty acids in the body. This induces pro-inflammatory processes, including in the respiratory tract, which leads to a deterioration in the functioning of the lungs, an aggravation of the course of bronchial asthma, an increase in exacerbations of this disease, an increase in the number of hospitalizations due to the severity of the course of asthma. In addition, scientists have found that a diet low in dietary fiber also contributes to the development of systemic inflammation, thereby worsening the course of bronchial asthma. There is evidence of the effect of vitamin D deficiency on the development, progression and deterioration of control of chronic and autoimmune diseases, which also include bronchial asthma, on the deterioration of the state of lipid metabolism in the subjects. An increase in the level of vitamin D in the body of patients leads to an improvement in certain characteristics of the course and manifestation of these diseases. The use of a Mediterranean diet reduces the likelihood and progression of bronchial asthma, bronchial obstruction, and allergic reactions. Adequate intake of vitamins A, C, E leads to a decrease in inflammatory reactions in the bronchial tree, an improvement in lung function indicators, a decrease in exacerbations of bronchial asthma and the frequency of hospitalizations associated with a deterioration in the control of this pathology. Thus, it is relevant and expedient to carry out scientific and clinical work to determine and in-depth study of the influence of nutrition on the development and course of obesity and bronchial asthma, and to identify the relationship between these diseases.

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