Large ovarian fibroma in the patient with Meigs' syndrome. Clinical case

Abstract

Background. The relevance of the problem of ovarian tumors is difficult to overestimate. The incidence of benign ovarian tumors is 13.3% of all gynecological pathology. Cystadenomas account for 80% of all ovarian neoplasms. Sex cord and stromal tumors are detected in 14.9%, among them granulosa cell tumors – 28.2%, thecomas, fibromas – 6.4%. Ovarian fibromas account for 1-4% of all ovarian neoplasms. According to The Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation's 2024 Clinical Guidelines, ovarian fibromas are classified as benign ovarian neoplasms which include cystic or solid ovarian neoplasms without pathological elements or blood flow, with low malignant potential. Such neoplasms most frequently affect perimenopausal and postmenopausal women, are characterized by slow growth and are predominantly asymptomatic. Despite the large amount of scientific and practical material, many "blank spots" remain to this day, for example, the last word in the study of the etiology and pathogenesis of benign ovarian neoplasms has not been said, at present they remain completely unexplored.

Results. The example of this clinical case reflects the typical manifestations of Meigs syndrome. Ovarian tumors, when reaching significantly larger sizes, have a significant impact on the general condition of patients and can and often are complicated by severe concomitant pathology, posing a threat not only to the health but also to the life of patients and often leading to unfavorable outcomes.

Conclusion. The complexity also lies in conducting differential diagnostics of the disease, therefore, the key role in this case is given to a comprehensive interdisciplinary approach and once again emphasizes the importance of timely preventive work of the doctor.