Invasive family case of measles in Аrkhangelsk

Abstract

Background. Measles is an acute highly contagious viral disease transmitted by airborne droplets and characterized by fever, symptoms of intoxication, damage to the respiratory tract and conjunctivae, and the presence of maculopapular exanthem with subsequent pigmentation. The article describes current knowledge about the sources, carriers, and various mechanisms of infection transmission. According to EMISS, in 2024, 22,455 cases of measles were reported in Russia, an increase of 72% (1.7 times) compared to the previous year. Most of the cases (14,166) were children aged 0 to 17. In 2024, 8 cases of measles were reported in the Arkhangelsk Region, 6 of which were children aged 0 to 17. The article presents a clinical case of a family outbreak of measles detected in Arkhangelsk in January 2024.

Objective. The purpose of this article is to provide a comprehensive assessment of the epidemiological significance of the imported case of measles that occurred in Arkhangelsk, given the high level of collective immunity among the local population. The article focuses on a detailed analysis of the effectiveness of the sanitary and epidemiological measures that were promptly implemented in response to the detection of the disease, aimed at preventing the possible further spread of the infection among the residents of the city. As part of the epidemiological investigation, two clinical cases of measles were examined in detail, both of which were reported within the same family in January 2024 in the city of Arkhangelsk. This allowed us to assess the key role of timely diagnosis and isolation of patients in successfully containing an infectious disease outbreak.

Conclusion. The data presented in the article highlight the importance of maintaining a high level of vigilance among healthcare professionals, even with widespread vaccination coverage, and confirm the significance of prompt response in the event of an infectious disease outbreak in organized groups.