Optimization of the therapy of ARVI and influenza in outpatient practice

Background. Acute respiratory viral infections are a pathology that most often occurs in outpatient therapeutic practice (about 40 million cases per year). The term acute respiratory viral infection is a collective concept and denotes a group of diseases of viral etiology with predominant damage to the respiratory tract.The general epidemiological features of acute respiratory viral infections pathogens consist in common transmission: airborne droplets and through contact with contaminated objects. Although the causes of acute respiratory viral infections may be different, they have common epidemiological and clinical features that determine a unified strategy for treatment and prevention. Results. Treatment of acute respiratory viral infections is aimed at reducing the severity of symptoms, preventing progression of the disease, and achieving a complete and lasting recovery. Laboratory etiological diagnosis at the outpatient stage is carried out using molecular genetic methods only for influenza A and B, as well as COVID-19; to identify other pathogens of acute respiratory viral infections, it is advisable only for clinical and epidemiological indications, since the results obtained do not affect further tactics of patient management. A required component of treatment is non-drug therapy, including bed rest, diet and plenty of fluids.Drug treatment of acute respiratory viral infections and influenza includes etiotropic drugs, pathogenetic and symptomatic therapy. Direct and indirect antiviral drugs are used as etiotropic therapy. Neuraminidase inhibitors, like cap-dependent endonuclease inhibitors, are used in the treatment of influenza A and B, and, unfortunately, are not active against other pathogens of acute respiratory viral infections. Due to the lack of drugs with direct antiviral action active against acute respiratory viral infections pathogens, the main etiotropic drugs are drugs of indirect (immunomodulatory) action with a wide antiviral spectrum, which include interferon inducers.

Conclusion. The article presents an analysis of the literature on the topic of optimizing the treatment of acute respiratory viral infections and influenza in an outpatient setting using drugs from the group of interferon inducers. As a result of the analysis, it was concluded that an integrated approach is necessary, including antiviral therapy in the treatment of any forms of acute respiratory viral infections and influenza.

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