Cardiotoxicity of genetic engineered biological therapy in immuno-mediated and oncological diseases

Background. Thanks to scientific and technological progress and public health achievements, life expectancy on the planet continues to increase, which leads to a change in the dominant diseases, from infectious to chronic non-communicable diseases manifested by systemic inflammation. With the help of modern methods of biotechnology and engineering, humans have managed to synthesize genetic engineered biological drugs (GIBD) that contribute to an increase in life expectancy and quality of life, and improve the prognosis of many nosologies, including oncological and immuno-mediated diseases. Unfortunately, some representatives of this group of drugs have demonstrated a cardiotoxic effect, which in a number of patients causes their withdrawal. Cardiotoxicity is a term that includes various adverse events against the background of drug therapy associated with effects on the cardiovascular system. Drug-induced cardiotoxicity may appear both on time and after treatment. Effective strategies for predicting and preventing cardiotoxicity of genetic engineered biological drugs are of great importance. One of the possible ways of prevention is a multidisciplinary approach in the curation of patients receiving genetic engineered biological therapy, as well as their dynamic observation and examination. At the same time, some studies have demonstrated the cardioprotective effect of some representatives of genetic engineered biological drugs.

Conclusion. In the presented literature review, we focused on how genetic engineered biological therapy can negatively affect the cardiovascular system, contribute to the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases, or, conversely, have a cardioprotective effect. We have considered the possibilities of both early diagnosis and prevention of cardiotoxicity of genetic engineered biological drugs, we have focused on effective and affordable solutions to this important problem.

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