Organization of the oncological service of the Republic of Mordovia

Abstract

Malignant neoplasms are one of the main causes of death in the world, which in 2020 ended the lives of about 10 million people. High mortality rates from malignant neoplasms are considered one of the negative trends in the dynamics of the health status of the Russian population. More than half of the deaths of the working-age population in Russia are due to diseases from the group of preventable deaths, and a third – to preventable causes, which depend on primary and secondary prevention, as well as the quality of medical care provided. The article presents data on the state of the oncological service in the Republic of Mordovia for 2019-2021. The purpose of the study is to analyze the organization of oncological care to the population of the Republic of Mordovia, the dynamics of morbidity and mortality of the population with malignant neoplasms. In this work, statistical data from Mordovia Statistics (the territorial body of the Federal State Statistics Service for the Republic of Mordovia) are used. The incidence of malignant neoplasms over a 3-year period decreased by 15.2% and amounted to 465.4 per 100 thousand population in 2021. The detection rate of patients in the early stages of malignant neoplasms (stage I-II) in the Republic of Mordovia in 2021 was 60.1%. There is a decrease in mortality to 170.0 per 100 thousand population, which is 0.1% lower than in 2019. The mortality rate within 1 year after the diagnosis of a malignant neoplasm in 2021 was 19.6%, which is 2% lower than in 2019. The proportion of patients registered at the dispensary for 5 years or more from the moment of diagnosis increased by 2% and amounted to 56.3% in 2021. The main task facing the oncological service is to reduce the mortality of the population from cancer pathology. The ways to solve it lie in the active development of the preventivedirection of cancer control, close cooperation with the primary health care unit, in which primary medical care should be reoriented to the predominantly preventive direction.