Early symptoms of atopy — as a factor in the implementation of the atopic march on the example of a clinical case

Understanding the atopic march hypothesis is important for the clinical manifestation of allergic diseases, since it determines the prognosis of whether people with early symptoms of atopy will follow the traditional atopic march. Currently, there is substantial evidence of the presence of the atopic march, but its prevalence may be exaggerated. The legitimacy of the atopic march as a model for the formation of atopic diseases is currently being discussed. Atopic dermatitis reaches its peak in early childhood, opening the door for the subsequent development of the atopic march. It is practically significant to establish risk factors that determine the start of the atopic march: early onset of atopic dermatitis, severity, persistence of the disease, presence of FLG mutation, polysensitization, atopy on the part of parents. The analysis of prospective studies of patients with atopic march from infancy to adulthood is valuable, which will allow us to develop specific programs for the timely prevention of the implementation of severe allergic diseases. The article presents a case from pediatric practice with early symptoms of atopy and the implementation of the atopic march in a 15-year-old patient. The clinical case demonstrates early symptoms and consistent development of atopic diseases: food allergy, atopic dermatitis, bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis with the addition of allergic conjunctivitis, progressive severity of diseases, against the background of polyvalent sensitization and hereditary burden of allergic diseases. Thus, the clinical example of a 15-year-old patient demonstrates that the atopic march is a reality. On the example of a clinical case, several important factors were identified that increase the risk of developing other allergic diseases: earlier, the onset of symptoms of atopy – food allergy, then the consistent development of diseases of atopic dermatitis, bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis, against the background of emerging polyvalent sensitization to allergens and hereditary burden of allergic diseases. This example showed that the atopic march can be realized due to sensitization through an early broken barrier of atopic dermatitis, due to common possibly genetic and environmental factors.

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