МикроРНК как предиктор сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний

Сердечно-сосудистые заболевания, особенно ишемическая болезнь сердца (ИБС), являются наиболее распространенными заболеваниями во всем мире. Более 50% смертности приходится на данную патологию. В последние десятилетия существует тенденция к «омоложению» сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний – прежде всего гипертонической болезни и ИБС, что вызывает особую тревогу. Общепризнано, что основным этиологическим моментом развития ИБС является атеросклероз. ИБС включает в себя целый ряд клинических диагнозов (стенокардия, инфаркт миокарда и т. д.) и связана с атеросклерозом, распространенным дегенеративным заболеванием, при котором липиды и фиброзный матрикс откладываются в артериальной стенке с формированием атероматозной бляшки. Разрыв нестабильных бляшек в коронарных артериях приводит к высвобождению тромбогенного содержимого в просвет сосуда, приводя к тромбозу коронарных артерий, окклюзии и последующему инфаркту миокарда – критическому состоянию с высокой смертностью [5]. Несмотря на большое количество известных факторов риска, влияющих на развитие данного заболевания, существуют данные, подтвержденные крупными исследованиями, о наличии генетической предрасположенности к нему.

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