Biomarkers of gastrointestinal mucosal regeneration in gastric ulcer

Background. In modern gastroenterology, ulcerative lesions of the gastrointestinal tract are the subject of increased attention. In the Russian Federation, digestive diseases occupy the 5th-6th place in the general population in terms of prevalence, and the annual incidence of peptic ulcer disease is 0.1-0.3%. Research in this area is focused, among other things, on the search for biomarkers associated with the processes of regeneration of the mucous membrane in ulcerative pathology, due to the fact that the processes of regeneration of the mucous membrane play an important role the role in treatment. Ulcer healing mechanisms such as cell differentiation, proliferation, migration, re-epithelialization, granulation tissue formation, angiogenesis, vasculogenesis, interaction between various cells and the matrix, and tissue remodeling are coordinated by cytokines: tumor necrosis factor, interleukins (IL-1β, IL-6), growth factors (epidermal growth factor, hepatocyte growth factor). Perspectwin sees the study of the possibility of using biomarkers in the diagnosis, control of the course of the disease, the choice of therapies and the prediction of complications.
Objective. To systematize modern data on biomarkers related to the processes of regeneration of the mucous membrane in gastric ulcer, as well as to determine the prospects for their use to improve existing diagnostic and treatment methods. Materials and methods. Within the framework of this scientific article, a comprehensive analysis of the medical literature devoted to the verification and treatment of peptic ulcer pathology was carried out. The research included original scientific papers published over the past 7 years (2018-2025).
Results. The analysis of modern literature data has shown that biomarkers such as specific cytokines and growth factors, markers of inflammation and tissue regeneration are becoming important tools for assessing regenerative processes in the focus of the pathological process. Their role in the pathogenesis of the disease and ensuring regeneration processes emphasizes the importance of determining their level in patient management.
Conclusion. The study of new biomarkers of gastric ulcer contributes to improving the effectiveness and quality of therapy, preventing the occurrence of complications, including carcinogenesis of the ulcerative focus.

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