Preventive approaches to the analysis of the adverse impact of production factors in the petrochemical industry on the prevalence of diseases of the cardiovascular system and prevention of man-made emergencies

Objective. Currently, in Russia, as well as all over the world, an increase in morbidity and mortality from pathologies of the cardiovascular system is registered. Employees of petrochemical production are exposed to a large number of additional factors of the production environment, which in turn increases the cardiovascular risk in this cohort of the population. Petrochemistry is also one of the main industries of great economic and social importance for our country, which makes the study of this problem more relevant.

Results. According to the results of many studies, the most common cardiovascular pathology in the studied population is arterial hypertension. Many researchers associate the high prevalence of this nosology not only with the direct influence of production factors, but also with the number of years worked at petrochemical enterprises. The main production factors contributing to the development of circulatory system diseases in petrochemicals employees were identified, for example, noise, exposure to chemical harmful substances, increased stress levels and tension during the work process. These factors act on the worker's body constantly and contribute to an increased risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. The main aspects of the pathological influence of production factors on the health of the workers' organism are analyzed. With the help of the obtained data, ways to solve the problem under study were proposed. The presented materials will help to develop measures for the prevention of the development of diseases of the circulatory system in more detail and narrowly, taking into account the influence of not only the main known risk factors, but additional impacts during the labor process.

Conclusion. The proposed measures should be aimed at modifying and improving existing preventive and hygienic measures, as well as contribute to improving the health of petrochemical production workers and reducing the incidence of these nosologies, which in turn will prolong the working capacity of employees and reduce economic losses in production.

1. Yagudina L. R., Gabdullina G. K. Instruments of state regulation of the petrochemical industry of the Russian Federation. Finansovaya ekonomika. 2020; 11: 312-155. (In Russ.)

2. Gabdullina G. K., Gafiyatov I. Z. The state and prospects of development of the Russian petrochemical industry. Nauka Krasnoyarya. 2020; 3 (4): 21-27. (In Russ.)

3. Valeeva E. T., Karimova L. K., Bakirov A. B., Mavrina L. N. Working conditions and features of the formation of occupational diseases in workers of petrochemical industries. Zdravookhranenie RF. 2014; 5: 23-26. (In Russ.)

4. Sitnikov M. V. Analytical review of hazardous properties of petroleum products at Russian oil terminals. StudNet. 2021; 6: 288-305. (In Russ.)

5. Vorobyeva A. A., Vlasova E. M., Gimranova G. G., et al. The risk of developing endothelial dysfunction in workers of oil refineries in conditions of prolonged exposure to chemical and physical factors. Meditsina truda i ekologiya cheloveka. 2018; 4: 101-109. (In Russ.)

6. Malikova A. I., Gimaeva Z. F., Gazizova N. R., et al. Assessment of the prevalence and risk factors for the development of diseases of the circulatory systems in workers of petrochemical production. Meditsina truda i ekologiya cheloveka. 2020; 3 (23): 45-51. (In Russ.)

7. Kharlashova N. V., Adamovich D. N. Factorial assessment of working conditions and labor process of operators of technological installations at an oil refinery. Evraziiskii soyuz uchenykh. Tekhnicheskie nauki. 2015; 4 (13): 79-83. (In Russ.)

8. Kersten N., Backе E. Occupational noise and myocardial infarction: considerations on the interrelation of noise with job demands. Noise Health. 2015; 17 (75): 116-122. DOI: 10.4103/1463-1741.153403.

9. Boytsov S. A., Drapkina O. M., Shlyakhto E. V., et al. Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Diseases and their Risk Factors in Regions of Russian Federation (ESSE-RF) study. Ten years later. Cardiovasc. Ther. Prev. 2021; 20 (5): 3007. DOI: 10.15829/1728-8800-2021-3007.

10. Saha S. P., Banks M. A., Whayne T. F. Managing Cardiovascular Risk Factors without Medications: What is the Evidence? Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry. 2020; 19 (1): 8-16. DOI: 10.2174/1871525718666200518093418.

11. Lapko I. V., Zheglova A. V., Bogatyreva I. A., et al. Health-saving measures in the prevention of diseases associated with working conditions. Zdravookhranenie RF. 2021; 65 (4): 372-378.

12. Williams B., Mancia G., Spiering W., et al. 2018 ESC/ESH Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension. Eur Heart J. 2018; 39 (33): 3021-3104. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy339.

13. Fayzullina G. A., Gazizova N. R., Shaynurova Z. D., etc. Assessment of cardiovascular risk factors in workers of petrochemical industries. Meditsina truda i ekologiya cheloveka. 2018; 4 (16): 78-82. (In Russ.)

14. Muldasheva N. A., Karimova L. K., Gimaeva Z. F., Abdrakhmanova E. R. Stress as a risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases in chemical workers. Meditsina truda i ekologiya cheloveka. 2020; 4 (24): 34-40. (In Russ.)

15. Movergoz S. V., Setko N. P., Setko A. G., et al. Assessment of occupational health risks of petrochemical production operators and their physiological and hygienic conditionality. Gigiena i sanitariya. 2016; 10: 1002-1007. (In Russ.)

16. Karimova L. K., Gimaeva Z. F., Galimova R. R., et al. Cardiovascular risk assessment and development of a prevention program for cardiovascular diseases among petrochemical workers. Gigiena i sanitariya. 2019; 98 (9): 978-983. (In Russ.) DOI: 10.18821/0016-9900-2019-98-9-978-983

17. Bakirov A. B., Badamshina G. G., Gimranova G. G., etc. The state of health of petrochemical production workers. SR. 2015; 3 (6): 37-41. (In Russ.) DOI: 10.15587/2313-8416.2015.36500.

18. Sher L. D., Geddie H., Olivier L., et al. Chronic stress and endothelial dysfunction: mechanisms, experimental challenges, and the way ahead. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2020; 319 (2): H488-H506. DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00244.2020.

19. Bukhtiyarov I. V., Yushkova O. I., Fesenko M. A., Merkulova A. G. Fatigue risk assessment for workers with neuro-enmotional labor. Heal. Risk Anal. 2018; 8 (1): 66-77. DOI: 10.21668/health.risk/2018.1.08.

20. Gimaeva Z. F., Kaptsov V. A., Karimova L. K., et al. Production and non-production risk factors for the development of occupational stress in workers of petrochemical industries. Permskii meditsinskii zhurnal. 2015; 32 (6): 63-70. (In Russ.)

21. Chebotarev A. G. The state of working conditions and occupational morbidity of workers of mining enterprises. Gornaya promyshlennost. 2018; 1 (137): 92-5. (In Russ.) http://dx.doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2018-1-137-92-95.

22. Tiunova M. I., Vlasova E. M., Nosov A. E., Ustinova O. Yu. Influence of industrial noise on the development of arterial hypertension in workers of metallurgical manufactures. Meditsina truda i ekologiya cheloveka. 2020; (4): 264-267. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2020-60-4-264-267.

23. Atamantchuk A. A., Dmitruk L. I., Gorenkov R. V. The role of adverse occupational factors in the formation of hypertension in workers. Meditsina truda i ekologiya cheloveka. 2019; (9): 546-547]. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2019-59-9-546-547.

24. Spirin V. F., Starshov A. M. On certain issues related to chronic exposure to occupational noise and impacts exerted by it on workers’ bodies (literature review). Heal. Risk Anal. 2021; 8 (1): 186-196. DOI: 10.21668/health.risk/2021.1.19.

25. Minchenko L. A. Poisoning with aromatic hydrocarbons and directions of detoxification. Voprosy ustoichivogo razvitiya obschestva. 2021; 3: 360-4. (In Russ.) DOI: 10.34755/IROK.2021.83.95.077.

26. Sabitova R. I., Kravets E. D., Galiullina E. F., etc. Assessment of the state of nonspecific protection of the workers' body under the influence of toxic factors of chemical and petrochemical production. Kazanskii meditsinskii zhurnal. 2016; 97 (5): 784-92]. (In Russ.) DOI: 10.17750/KMJ2016-784.

27. Sleptsova A. I., Bakirov A. B., Masyagutova L. M. The state of peripheral blood as an indicator of early health disorders in workers of modern oil production and refining enterprises. The current state of the issue. ZNiSO. 2017; 11 (296): 25-8. (In Russ.)

28. Chelakova Yu. A., Dolgikh O. V. Features of cell regulation and specific hypersensitivity of workers employed in the petrochemical plant with the pathology of the cardiovascular system. Occupational Health and Human Ecology. 2020; 2: 25-30. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24411/2411-3794-2020-10204.

29. Holme J. A., Brinchmann B. C., Refsnes M., et al. Potential role of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons as mediators of cardiovascular effects from combustion particles. Environ. Heal. A Glob. Access Sci. Source. 2019; 18 (1): 1-18. DOI: 10.1186/s12940-019-0514-2.

30. Dubovaya A. V., Sukhareva G. E. The influence of chemical elements on bioelectric processes in the heart muscle and the occurrence of arrhythmia. Practicheskaya meditsina. 2017; 2 (103): 34-39. (In Russ.)