Current aspects of the development of pervasive disorders

Objective. A review of modern Russian and foreign, mainly English-language, literature on autism spectrum disorders and their prevalence in the world was carried out. Publications no older than 5 years, published in specialized medical journals and manuals, were taken into account. An updated concept of autism in early childhood and adolescence was described. Eligible observational study designs for our review included observational descriptive and analytical case-control studies and cohort studies.

Objective. Currently, every hundredth inhabitant of the planet suffers from autism and there is a steady increase in this problem according to the World Health Organization. The review provides comparative data across countries, highlighting countries with the highest/lowest rates of autism. In addition, a report on monitoring autism spectrum disorders in the Russian Federation was presented, which revealed the dynamics of an increase in numbers compared to 2021 by 17%, the increase amounted to 6,771 people and the main percentage of the country’s demographic development, in relation to natural population growth, falls on its remote regions. parts where, unfortunately, there are no specialists in this area.

Conclusion. Despite the fact that a lot of experience has been accumulated in the foreign practice of inclusive education of children with special educational needs, and many publications are devoted to this problem, this potential cannot be used in a modern Russian school without adapting and taking into account the characteristics of the domestic educational system. In addition, at present, inclusive education of children with autism spectrum disorders is a hotly debated scientific and practical problem and has both supporters and opponents. Also, there is still not a sufficient number of scientific studies that would evaluate the effectiveness and success of inclusive education for children with autism spectrum disorders. Thus, the evolution of views on the nature of autism in domestic and foreign child psychiatry concludes to be of endogenous origin. It should be noted that in the deontological aspect, such an approach may have its advantages, but in therapy and prognosis it is not without its disadvantages.

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