lvrachЛечащий ВрачLechaschi Vrach1560-51752687-118110.51793/OS.2022.25.10.003lvrach-966Research ArticleБРОНХОПУЛЬМОНОЛОГИЯ. ОТОЛАРИНГОЛОГИЯBRONCHOPULMONOLOGY. OTOLARYNGOLOGYБиомаркеры легочного фиброза при COVID-19 и постковидном синдромеBiomarkers of pulmonary fibrosis in COVID-19 and postcovid syndromeКурбаналиевМ. К.KurbanalievM. K.

Курбаналиев Мираб Кадирбегович, студент лечебного факультета 

400131, Волгоград, пл. Павших Борцов, 1

Mirab K. Kurbanaliev, student of the Medical Faculty  

1 Pavshikh Bortsov Square, Volgograd, 400131

kurbanaliev.mirab@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5194-3648ПоцелуеваТ. А.PotseluevaT. A.

Поцелуева Татьяна Андреевна, студентка лечебного факультета 

400131, Волгоград, пл. Павших Борцов, 1

Tatyana A. Potselueva, student of the Medical Faculty 

1 Pavshikh Bortsov Square, Volgograd, 400131

Potselueva2001@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1815-318XЛяхЕ. А.LyakhE. A.

Лях Екатерина Андреевна, студентка лечебного факультета 

400131, Волгоград, пл. Павших Борцов, 1

Ekaterina A. Lyakh, student of the Medical Faculty 

1 Pavshikh Bortsov Square, Volgograd, 400131

eklyah2001@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1003-3810ШтондаД. А.ShtondaD. A.

Штонда Даниил Алексеевич, клинический ординатор; терапевт  

400131, Волгоград, пл. Павших Борцов, 1

Daniil A. Shtonda, Clinical Resident; general Practitioner 

1 Pavshikh Bortsov Square, Volgograd, 400131

1a Andizhanskaya str., Volgograd, 400026

danuha09@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4709-8530РодионоваИ. В.RodionovaI. V.

Родионова Ирина Викторовна, к.м.н., доцент кафедры внутренних болезней 

400131, Волгоград, пл. Павших Борцов, 1

Irina V. Rodionova, MD, Associate Professor of the Department of Internal Diseases 

1 Pavshikh Bortsov Square, Volgograd, 400131

ivrodionova20@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2164-3537СкворцовВ. В.SkvortsovV. V.

Скворцов Всеволод Владимирович, д.м.н., профессор кафедры внутренних болезней 

400131, Волгоград, пл. Павших Борцов, 1

Vsevolod V. Skvortsov, Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor of the Department of Internal Diseases 

1 Pavshikh Bortsov Square, Volgograd, 400131

vskvortsov1@ya.ruФедеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования Волгоградский государственный медицинский университет Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияFederal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Volgograd State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian FederationRussian FederationФедеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования Волгоградский государственный медицинский университет Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; Государственное учреждение здравоохранения Клиническая больница скорой медицинской помощи № 15РоссияFederal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Volgograd State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; State Healthcare Institution Clinical Emergency Hospital No. 15Russian Federation2022301020221101620Copyright © Курбаналиев М.К., Поцелуева Т.А., Лях Е.А., Штонда Д.А., Родионова И.В., Скворцов В.В., 20222022Курбаналиев М.К., Поцелуева Т.А., Лях Е.А., Штонда Д.А., Родионова И.В., Скворцов В.В.Kurbanaliev M.K., Potselueva T.A., Lyakh E.A., Shtonda D.A., Rodionova I.V., Skvortsov V.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journal.lvrach.ru/jour/article/view/966

COVID-19 может протекать как в форме острой респираторной вирусной инфекции легкого течения, так и в тяжелой форме. Интерес медицинского сообщества привлекают как эффективные методы лечения острой фазы заболевания, так и клинические и функциональные долгосрочные последствия COVID-19, которые включают сложность симптомов и повреждения органов, называемые «длительным COVID» или «постострым синдромом COVID-19». Термин «постострый синдром COVID-19» был предложен для обозначения симптомов и/или аномалий, не связанных с другой причиной, сохраняющихся или присутствующих после четырех недель с момента постановки диагноза заболевания. Одним из ключевых компонентов постострого синдрома COVID-19, который может привести к серьезным осложнениям клинического течения у пациентов, считается легочный фиброз, который является патологическим исходом хронической и острой интерстициальной болезни легких. COVID-19 является относительно новым заболеванием, что создает сложности в изучении течения патологического процесса. Для разбора патогенеза были проведены множественные исследования пациентов, которые переболели разными формами COVID-19. После перенесенного заболевания организм может начать как нормальный процесс регенерации легочной ткани, так и ее искажение, приводящее к тяжелым осложнениям и длительному восстановлению нормальной жизнедеятельности всего организма. При легочном фиброзе смертность намного выше, именно поэтому были разработаны биомаркеры данного исхода, чтобы уменьшить число летальных исходов от осложнения COVID-19. Обзор посвящен эпидемиологии, патогенезу, гистопатологии патологической флоры при COVID-19, постковидном синдроме и биомаркерам, которые помогают идентифицировать пациентов с повышенной вероятностью развития заболевания. Цель этого обзора состоит в описании различных патогенетических гипотез, которые были сформулированы, чтобы объяснить развитие легочного фиброза, исследование острых фаз, связанных с биомаркерами, которые помогли бы заподозрить начало фиброзных поражений легких.

COVID-19 can occur in the form of an acute respiratory viral infection of a mild course, or in a severe form. Both effective treatments for the acute phase of the disease and the clinical and functional long-term consequences of COVID-19, which include the complexity of symptoms and organ damage referred to as «long-term COVID» or «post-acute COVID-19 syndrome», are attracting interest in the medical community. The term «post-acute COVID-19 syndrome» has been proposed to refer to symptoms and/or abnormalities that are not related to another cause, persist or are present after four weeks of the diagnosis of the disease. One of the key components of the post-acute COVID-19 syndrome, which can lead to serious complications of the clinical course in patients, is considered to be pulmonary fibrosis, which is a pathological outcome of chronic and acute interstitial lung disease. COVID-19 itself is relatively new disease, which makes it difficult to study the course of the pathological process. To analyze the pathogenesis, multiple studies were conducted on patients who had been ill with various forms of COVID-19. After the disease, the body can begin both the normal process of regeneration of lung tissue and its distortion, leading to severe complications and long-term restoration of normal functioning of the whole organism. In pulmonary fibrosis, the number of deaths is much higher, which is why biomarkers of this outcome have been developed in order to reduce the number of deaths from the COVID-19 complication. The review is devoted to the epidemiology, pathogenesis, histopathology of pathological flora in COVID-19, postcovid syndrome and biomarkers that can identify patients with an increased likelihood of developing the disease. The purpose of this review is to describe various pathogenic hypotheses that have been formulated in order to explain the development of pulmonary fibrosis, the study of acute phases associated with biomarkers that could suggest the onset of fibrotic lung lesions.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.