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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">lvrach</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Лечащий Врач</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lechaschi Vrach</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1560-5175</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2687-1181</issn><publisher><publisher-name></publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51793/OS.2022.25.8.002</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">lvrach-950</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕРАПИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>THERAPY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Здоровый образ жизни ученого как фактор профессионального долголетия и эффективности</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Healthy lifestyle of a scientist as a factor for professional longevity and efficiency</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1646-7345</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильев</surname><given-names>М. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasiliev</surname><given-names>M. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Васильев Михаил Дмитриевич, к.м.н., старший научный сотрудник</p><p>105064, Москва, ул. Воронцово Поле, 12, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vasiliev Mikhail Dmitrievich, MD, Senior Researcher</p><p>12 b. 1 Vorontsovo Pole str., Moscow, 105064</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">m.vasilev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3767-8475</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макарова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makarova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Макарова Екатерина Владимировна, к.м.н., старший научныйсотрудник</p><p>105064, Москва, ул. Воронцово Поле, 12, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Makarova Ekaterina Vladimirovna, MD, Senior Researcher</p><p>12 b. 1 Vorontsovo Pole str., Moscow, 105064</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rue-royal@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7566-212X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Костров</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kostrov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Костров Алексей Александрович, лаборант-исследователь</p><p>105064, Москва, ул. Воронцово Поле, 12, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kostrov Aleksey Alexandrovich, laboratory researcher</p><p>12 b. 1 Vorontsovo Pole str., Moscow, 105064</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Alexey.kostrov@profite.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9263-9407</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Палевская</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Palevskaya</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Палевская Светлана Александровна, д.м.н., профессор, ведущий научный сотрудник; заведующая кафедрой менеджмента института профессионального образования</p><p>105064, Москва, ул. Воронцово Поле, 12, стр. 1;</p><p>443099, Самара, ул. Чапаевская, 89</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Palevskaya Svetlana Alexandrovna, Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Leading Researcher; Head of the Department of Management of the Institute of Professional Education</p><p>12 b. 1 Vorontsovo Pole str., Moscow, 105064;</p><p>89 Chapaevskaya str., Samara, 443099</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">svetpal1972@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1961-9458</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смбатян</surname><given-names>С. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smbatyan</surname><given-names>S. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Смбатян Сиран Мануковна, д.м.н., профессор, ведущий научный сотрудник; ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>105064, Москва, ул. Воронцово Поле, 12, стр. 1;</p><p>129110, Москва, ул. Щепкина, 61/2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Smbatyan Siran Manukovna, Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, LeadingResearcher; Leading Researcher</p><p>2 b. 1 Vorontsovo Pole str., Moscow, 105064;</p><p>61/2 Shchepkina str., Moscow, 129110</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">smbsiran@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное научное учреждение Национальный научно-исследовательский институт общественного здоровья имени Н. А. Семашко</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Scientific Institution Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное научное учреждение Национальный научно-исследовательский институт общественного здоровья имени Н. А. Семашко; Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования Самарский государственный медицинский университет Министерства здравоохранения</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Scientific Institution Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health; Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Samara State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное научное учреждение Национальный научно-исследовательский институт общественного здоровья имени Н. А. Семашко; Государственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения Московской области Московский областной научно-&#13;
исследовательский клинический институт имени М. Ф. Владимирского</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Scientific Institution Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health; State Budgetary Healthcare Institution of the Moscow Region Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute named after M. F. Vladimirsky</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>10</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>7-8</issue><fpage>14</fpage><lpage>20</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Васильев М.Д., Макарова Е.В., Костров А.А., Палевская С.А., Смбатян С.М., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Васильев М.Д., Макарова Е.В., Костров А.А., Палевская С.А., Смбатян С.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vasiliev M.D., Makarova E.V., Kostrov A.A., Palevskaya S.A., Smbatyan S.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.lvrach.ru/jour/article/view/950">https://journal.lvrach.ru/jour/article/view/950</self-uri><abstract><p>Поперечное исследование приверженности российских ученых здоровому образу жизни и оценка поведенческих и социально-бытовых факторов риска снижения их профессиональной активности проведены путем одномоментного среза образа жизни 213 научных сотрудников государственных научных учреждений Москвы. В когорту от 23 до 78 лет (средний возраст – 45,48 ± 15,33 года) вошли 116 женщин, 97 мужчин. В исследованной нами группе российских научных сотрудников около четверти респондентов недостаточно хорошо соблюдали принципы здорового образа жизни (25,34%). Основными проблемами были низкая физическая активность, выявленная у 79,3% опрошенных лиц, а также несоблюдение принципов рационального питания, в первую очередь у ученых, имеющих преподавательскую нагрузку; низкие навыки управления стрессом у врачей, совмещающих клиническую практику с наукой; трудности в межличностных отношениях у занимающихся только научной работой. Кроме того, зафиксирована высокая частота нарушений и проблем, способных привести к снижению профессиональной эффективности. У 9,85% были выявлены вероятные когнитивные нарушения, причем не ассоциированные с возрастом ученого, у 3,28% наблюдались признаки старческой астении, у 2,34% – старческой депрессии. Две трети жили в субдепрессивном состоянии (74,6%). Только пятая часть респондентов (19,71%, n = 42) не имела ни когнитивных нарушений, ни астенического синдрома, ни депрессии. Среди ученых распространены такие факторы риска снижения профессиональной эффективности, как низкая физическая активность, нерациональное питание, низкие навыки управления стрессом, субдепрессивное состояние. Эти факторы относятся к модифицируемым и могут быть скорректированы, что приведет к более редкой встречаемости астении и когнитивных нарушений. Необходимы разработка и внедрение программ профилактики, ранней диагностики и коррекции факторов риска у научных сотрудников с целью поддержания эффективности их работы и продления профессионального долголетия.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>A study of the commitment of Russian scientists to a healthy lifestyle and an assessment of behavioral and social risk factors for reducing their professional activity was fulfilled. A cross-sectional study of a single-stage section of 213 researchers from state scientific institutions in Moscow was carried out. At the age of 23 to 78 years (mean age = 45.48 ± 15.33 years), 116 women, 97 men. It was found that in the group of Russian researchers about a quarter of the respondents did not follow the principles of a healthy lifestyle well enough (25.34%). The main problem was low physical activity, identified in 79.3% of the respondents, as well as: non-compliance with the principles of rational nutrition, primarily among scientists with a teaching load; low stress management skills among doctors who combine clinical practice with science; Difficulties in interpersonal relationships in people engaged only in scientific work. In addition, a high frequency of violations and problems that can lead to a decrease in professional effectiveness has been recorded. In 9.85%, probable cognitive impairments were detected, and not associated with the age of the scientist, in 3.28% there were signs of senile asthenia, in 2.34% – senile depression. Two-thirds lived in a sub-depressive state (74.6%). Only one fifth of the respondents (19.71%, n = 42) had no cognitive impairment, no asthenic syndrome, no depression. It was concluded that risk factors for reducing professional efficiency among scientists, such as: low physical activity, poor nutrition, low stress management skills, subdepressive state, are modifiable and can be corrected, which will lead to a lesser occurrence of asthenia and cognitive impairment. It is necessary to develop and implement programs for the prevention, early diagnosis and correction of risk factors among researchers in order to maintain their effectiveness in their work and prolong their professional longevity.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>профессиональное долголетие</kwd><kwd>ученые</kwd><kwd>врачи</kwd><kwd>преподаватели</kwd><kwd>интеллектуальный труд</kwd><kwd>качество жизни</kwd><kwd>когнитивные функции</kwd><kwd>образ жизни</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>professional longevity</kwd><kwd>scientists</kwd><kwd>doctors</kwd><kwd>teachers</kwd><kwd>intellectual work</kwd><kwd>quality of life</kwd><kwd>cognitive functions</kwd><kwd>lifestyle</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в рамках поискового фундаментального исследования «Управление формированием эффективного профессионального долголетия научных работников» Минобрнауки.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was carried out within the framework of the basic research «Management of the formation of effective professional longevity of scientists» of the Ministry of Education and Science, Russia.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Minnibaev T. 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