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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">lvrach</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Лечащий Врач</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lechaschi Vrach</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1560-5175</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2687-1181</issn><publisher><publisher-name></publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51793/OS.2022.25.6.014</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">lvrach-931</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКТУАЛЬНАЯ ТЕМА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TOPICAL THEME</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Патогенез диареи у пациентов с COVID-19 и подходы к терапии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pathogenesis of diarrhea in patients with COVID-19 and approaches to therapy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4878-0838</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лялюкова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lyalyukova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лялюкова Елена Александровна, д.м.н., профессор кафедры внутренних болезней и семейной медицины ДПО</p><p>644037, Омск, ул. Петра Некрасова, 5</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena A. Lyalyukova, Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Professor of the Department of Internal Medicine and Family Medicine of the Faculty of Additional Professional Education</p><p>5 Petr Nekrasov str., Omsk, 644037</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lyalykova@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования Омский государственный медицинский университет Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Omsk State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>07</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>5-6</issue><fpage>77</fpage><lpage>83</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лялюкова Е.А., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лялюкова Е.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lyalyukova E.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.lvrach.ru/jour/article/view/931">https://journal.lvrach.ru/jour/article/view/931</self-uri><abstract><p>Диарея наблюдается у значительной части пациентов с инфекцией, вызванной вирусом SARS-CoV-2, как в острую фазу, так и в постковидном периоде. Цель данного обзора – представить современные данные об эпидемиологии и патогенезе диареи у пациентов с COVID-19, о терапевтических и профилактических мероприятиях у больных в острую фазу и постковидном периоде. Поражение кишечника, связанное с COVID-19, часто является многофакторным и может быть обусловлено прямым цитопатическим действием на эпителий желудочно-кишечного тракта, иммуноопосредованным поражением, ишемическим/гипоксическим повреждением, а также нарушением микробного пейзажа кишечника или развитием C. difficile-ассоциированного колита, побочным эффектом ряда препаратов, применяемых для лечения COVID-19. Учитывая, что одним из ведущих у пациентов с COVID-19 является секреторный генез диареи, в лечении используются регидрационная терапия, сорбенты и цитопротекторы. У пациентов с C. difficile-ассоциированным колитом препаратами выбора являются метронидазол и ванкомицин. Профилактика C. difficile-ассоциированного колита включает использование пробиотиков Saccharomyces boulardii, Lactobacillus rhamnosus и других, а также пробиотических смесей. Важыми направлениями лечебных мероприятий являются предупреждение развития тяжелого токсикоза, сорбция и элиминация из кишечника токсических соединений. Высокую способность к энтеросорбции продемонстрировали фитосорбенты – растительные препараты (пищевые волокна), основными свойствами которых являются их растворимость и ферментируемость кишечными бактериями. Псиллиум благодаря такой полифракционной структуре обладает комплексным воздействием не только на кишечник, но и на организм в целом. Основные эффекты псиллиума (дезинтоксикационный, антидиарейный, противовоспалительный, цитопротективный, восстановление микробиоты кишечника) позволяют использовать его как патогенетическое средство у пациентов с COVID-19, как в острую фазу, так и в постковидном периоде.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Diarrhea is observed in a significant proportion of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection, both in the acute phase and in the post-COVID period. The purpose of the review is to present current data on the epidemiology and pathogenesis of diarrhea in patients with COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, on therapeutic and preventive measures in patients during the acute phase and the post-COVID period. Intestinal injury associated with COVID-19 is often multifactorial and may be due to direct cytopathic effects on the gastrointestinal epithelium, immune-mediated injury, ischemic/hypoxic injury, as well as disruption of the gut microbial landscape or the development of C. difficile-associated colitis, a side effect of some drugs used to treat COVID-19. Given that one of the leading causes of diarrhea in patients with COVID 19 is the secretory genesis of diarrhea, rehydration therapy, sorbents and cytoprotectors are used in the treatment. In patients with C. difficile-associated colitis, metronidazole and vancomycin are the drugs of choice. Prevention of C. difficile-associated colitis includes the use of probiotics Saccharomyces boulardii, Lactobacillus rhamnosus and others, as well as probiotic mixtures. One of the therapeutic measures is the prevention of the development of severe toxicosis, sorption and elimination of toxic compounds from the intestines. Phytosorbents, herbal preparations (dietary fibers), the main properties of which are their solubility and fermentability by intestinal bacteria, demonstrated a high ability to enterosorption. Thanks to this polyfractional structure, psyllium has a complex effect not only on the intestines, but also on the body as a whole. The main effects of psyllium (detoxification, antidiarrheal, anti-inflammatory, cytoprotective restoration of the intestinal microbiota) make it possible to use it as a pathogenetic agent in patients with COVID-19, both in the acute phase and in the post-COVID period.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>диарея</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>энтеросорбенты</kwd><kwd>псиллиум</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>diarrhea</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>enterosorbents</kwd><kwd>psyllium</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Megyeri K., Dernovics Á., Al-Luhaibi Z. I. I., Rosztóczy A. COVID-19-associated diarrhea // World J Gastroenterol. 2021; 27(23): 3208-3222. DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i23.3208.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Megyeri K., Dernovics Á., Al-Luhaibi Z. I. I., Rosztóczy A. 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