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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">lvrach</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Лечащий Врач</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lechaschi Vrach</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1560-5175</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2687-1181</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Издательство "Открытые системы"»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51793/OS.2022.25.1.009</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">lvrach-874</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКТУАЛЬНАЯ ТЕМА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TOPICAL THEME</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Современные тенденции лечения хронического болевого синдрома с применением опиоидных анальгетиков</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Modern trends in chronic pain treatment with opioid analgetics</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Введенская</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vvedenskaya</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Введенская Елена Станиславовна, кандидат медицинских наук, член профильной комиссии по паллиативной помощи Минздрава России, заведующая отделением паллиативной медицинской помощи</p><p>603157, Нижний Новгород, ул. Берёзовская, 85А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena S. Vvedenskaya, MD, member of the profile commission on palliative care of the Ministry of Health of Russia; Head of the Department of Palliative Care</p><p>85A Berezovskaya str., Nizhny Novgorod, 603157</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elenavveden@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ НО ГКБ № 30 Московского района г. Нижнего Новгорода</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>State Budgetary Healthcare Institution of the Nizhny Novgorod Region City Clinical Hospital No. 30 of the Moscow Region of Nizhny Novgorod</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>01</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>46</fpage><lpage>52</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Введенская Е.С., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Введенская Е.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vvedenskaya E.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.lvrach.ru/jour/article/view/874">https://journal.lvrach.ru/jour/article/view/874</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье отмечается, что и сегодня остается актуальной проблема адекватного купирования хронической боли у пациентов различного профиля, указывается на недостаток предложенной ВОЗ в 1986 году концепции использования опиоидных анальгетиков как основных средств борьбы с умеренной и сильной хронической болью, подчеркивается важность их применения только как дополнения к рациональной патогенетически обоснованной терапии боли – в составе мультимодальной анальгезии – у пациентов как онкологического, так и неонкологического профиля. Приводится информация о возможности и особенностях применения при умеренной боли наркотических анальгетиков в минимальных дозировках. Дается характеристика представителя инновационного фармакологического класса анальгетиков с двойным механизмом действия, агониста μ-опиоидных рецепторов и ингибитора обратного захвата норадреналина, тапентадола. Анализируются механизм его действия, преимущества, эффективность и безопасность, место и особенности применения в клинической практике. В отделении паллиативной медицинской помощи одной из городских клинических больниц Нижнего Новгорода тапентадол пролонгированного действия применяется с 2018 года. За последние два года в стационаре его получали более 70% пациентов, страдающих хроническим болевым синдромом умеренной и сильной интенсивности. Препарат назначается пациентам с различными формами хронического болевого синдрома при злокачественных новообразованиях, в т. ч. поджелудочной железы, желудка и кишечника, вовлечением в патологической процесс плевры и мягких тканей, с костными болями. Стартовая доза обычно составляет 50 мг два раза в сутки, в дальнейшем часто повышается при нарастании боли до 300-500 мг в сутки. Препарат используется при неэффективности трамадола в суточной дозе 200-300 мг или при его плохой переносимости пациентом. Из побочных эффектов в редких случаях наблюдается тошнота и головокружение, в единичных случаях появляются сонливость и легкие когнитивные нарушения у ослабленных больных. Как правило, данные побочные явления проходят через несколько дней.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article notes the up-to-date problem of adequate chronic pain relief in patients with various diseases, indicates the concept’s weakness of using opioids as the main means for moderate to severe chronic pain control proposed by the WHO in 1986, emphasizes the importance of their use only as an adjunct to rational pathogenetic pain therapy – as a multimodal analgesia component – in both cancer and non-cancer patients. It gives the information on the possibility and features of narcotic analgesics minimal dosages use for moderate pain control. The innovative pharmacological class of drugs with a dual mechanism of action representative, an agonist of μ-opioid receptors and a norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, tapentadol, is characterized. The mechanism of its action, advantages, efficacy and safety, place and features of its use in clinical practice are analyzed. In the department of palliative care of one of the city clinical hospitals in Nizhny Novgorod, long-acting tapentadol has been used since 2018. Over the past two years, more than 70% of patients suffering from chronic pain syndrome of moderate to severe intensity received it in the hospital. The drug is prescribed to patients with various forms of chronic pain syndrome in malignant neoplasms, for example, of the pancreas, stomach and intestines, involvement of the pleura and soft tissues in the pathological process, with bone pain. The starting dose is usually 50 mg twice a day, then it often rises with an increase in pain to 300-500 mg per day. The drug is used when tramadol is ineffective in a daily dose of 200-300 mg or when it is poorly tolerated by the patient. Of the side effects, in rare cases, there is the appearance of nausea and dizziness, in isolated cases, the appearance of drowsiness and mild cognitive impairment in debilitated patients. As a rule, these side effects disappear after a few days.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>опиоидные анальгетики</kwd><kwd>прогноз в отношении жизни</kwd><kwd>тапентадол</kwd><kwd>обезболивание</kwd><kwd>паллиативная помощь</kwd><kwd>нейропатическая боль</kwd><kwd>лестница обезболивания</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>opioid analgesics</kwd><kwd>life prognosis</kwd><kwd>tapentadol</kwd><kwd>pain relief</kwd><kwd>palliative care</kwd><kwd>neuropathic pain</kwd><kwd>pain</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья подготовлена при поддержке АО «Нижфарм» (группа компаний STADA)</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The article was prepared with the support of Nizhpharm JSC (STADA group of companies)</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Абузарова Г. Р., Сарманаева Р. 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