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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">lvrach</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Лечащий Врач</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lechaschi Vrach</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1560-5175</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2687-1181</issn><publisher><publisher-name></publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51793/OS.2021.24.12.002</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">lvrach-854</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГИНЕКОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GYNECOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Диагностика и современные методы лечения вульвовагинальной атрофии у женщин в постменопаузе</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vulvovaginal atrophy in postmenopausal women: diagnosis  and modern-day treatments</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7114-4050</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бахтияров</surname><given-names>К. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bahtiyarov</surname><given-names>K. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бахтияров Камиль Рафаэльевич – доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии, Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России; руководитель акушерско-гинекологической службы ООО «ССМЦ».</p><p>119435, Москва, ул. Большая Пироговская, 2, стр. 4; 107120, Москва, ул. Сергия Радонежского, д. 5/2, стр. 1.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kamil R. Bahtiyarov - Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology at the Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; Head of the Obstetric and Gynecological Service of the Network of Family Medical Centers LLC.</p><p>2 b. 4 Bolshaya Pirogovskaya str., Moscow, 119435; 5/2 b. 1 Sergiy Radonezhsky str., Moscow, 107120.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">doctorbah@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6331-3109</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чилова</surname><given-names>Р. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chilova</surname><given-names>R. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чилова Раиса Алексеевна - доктор медицинских наук, профессор, доцент, кафедры акушерства и гинекологии.</p><p>119435, Москва, ул. Большая Пироговская, 2, стр. 4.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Raisa A. Chilova - Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor of the Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology at the Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation.</p><p>2 b. 4 Bolshaya Pirogovskaya str., Moscow, 119435.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rtchilova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1550-6448</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сардарова</surname><given-names>Ш. Ш.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sardarova</surname><given-names>Sh. Sh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сардарова Шахана Шахин кызы - студентка 6-го курса, ИКМ им. Н.В. Склифосовского.</p><p>119435, Москва, ул. Большая Пироговская, 2, стр. 4.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Shakhana Sh. Sardarova - 6th year student, N. V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine of the Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation.</p><p>2 b. 4 Bolshaya Pirogovskaya str., Moscow, 119435.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shahana.97@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России; ООО «ССМЦ»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; Family Medical Centers Network LLC</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>01</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>12</issue><fpage>17</fpage><lpage>21</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бахтияров К.Р., Чилова Р.А., Сардарова Ш.Ш., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бахтияров К.Р., Чилова Р.А., Сардарова Ш.Ш.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bahtiyarov K.R., Chilova R.A., Sardarova S.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.lvrach.ru/jour/article/view/854">https://journal.lvrach.ru/jour/article/view/854</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья посвящена изучению современных методов диагностики и лечения доброкачественных заболеваний вульвы и влагалища у женщин постменопаузального возраста. Проведен анализ этиологии, клинической картины, методов диагностики и лечения вульвовагинальной атрофии как наиболее часто встречающегося доброкачественного заболевания вульвы и влагалища в постменопаузе. Установлено, что основной фактор, приводящий к вульвовагинальной атрофии, — климактерический гормональный дисбаланс с постепенно нарастающим дефицитом эстрогенов. Женщины в постменопаузе отмечают такие признаки вульвовагинальной атрофии, как сухость влагалища, жжение и зуд, диспареуния, повышенная чувствительность к инфекционным болезням органов малого таза, что существенно усугубляет плохое самочувствие и отрицательное влияние на общее и сексуальное качество жизни. Диагностика вульвовагинальной атрофии основывается на данных осмотра, лабораторных и инструментальных исследованиях. Основная терапевтическая цель при лечении вульвовагинальной атрофии – облегчение симптомов и восстановление среды влагалища до здорового пременопаузального состояния. Золотым стандартом лечения вульвовагинальной атрофии является местная и системная терапия эстрогенами. Препараты заместительной гормональной терапии содействуют увеличению пролиферативных процессов, улучшению кровоснабжения, стремительной нормализации микрофлоры влагалища и могут назначаться с лечебной и профилактической целью. Для лечения вульвовагинальной атрофии у женщин, которым противопоказаны препараты эстрогена, используют селективные модуляторы рецепторов эстрогена. Препараты этой группы – оспемифеном и ласофоксифен способствуют облегчению симптомов атрофии влагалища и диспареунии, улучшению вагинального эпителия  и pH влагалища. Также при маловыраженных симптомах улучшение состояния наступает  при использовании негормональных вагинальных лубрикантов. Кроме  того, существуют экспериментальные варианты вульвовагинального омоложения у женщин с симптомами, которым не подходят или которые не переносят местной или системной терапии эстрогенами: инъекции богатой тромбоцитами плазмы, гиалуроновая кислота или жировые имплантаты, фракционный лазер на диоксиде углерода, диодный лазер и монополярные радиочастотные устройства, вагинопластика.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article is devoted to the study of modern methods of diagnosis and treatment of benign diseases of the vulva and vagina in postmenopausal women. The analysis of the etiology, clinical picture, methods of diagnosis and treatment of vulvovaginal atrophy, as the most common  benign disease of the vulva and vagina in postmenopausal women, has been carried out. It has been established that the main factor leading to vulvovaginal atrophy in postmenopausal women is climacteric hormonal  imbalance with a gradually increasing estrogen deficiency. Postmenopausal women note such signs of vulvovaginal atrophy as vaginal dryness, burning and itching, dyspareunia, hypersensitivity to infectious diseases of the pelvic organs, which significantly aggravates the state of health, a negative effect on the general and sexual quality of life. Diagnosis of vulvovaginal atrophy is based on examination  data, laboratory and instrumental studies. The main therapeutic goal in the treatment of vulvovaginal atrophy is to relieve symptoms and restore the vaginal environment to a healthy premenopausal state. The «gold standard» for the treatment of vulvovaginal atrophy is local and systemic estrogen therapy. HRT drugs contribute to an increase in proliferative processes, an improvement in blood supply, a rapid normalization of the vaginal microflora and can be prescribed for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes. For the treatment of vulvovaginal atrophy in women for whom estrogen preparations are contraindicated, selective estrogen receptor modulators are used. The drugs in this group, ospemifen and lasofoxifene, help to alleviate the symptoms of vaginal atrophy and dyspareunia, improve vaginal epithelium and vaginal pH. Also, with mild symptoms, an improvement in the condition occurs with the use of non-hormonal vaginal lubricants. In addition,  there are experimental  options for vulvovaginal rejuvenation in women with symptoms that do not fit or tolerate local or systemic estrogen therapy: platelet-rich plasma injections, hyaluronic acid or fat implants, fractional carbon dioxide laser, diode laser and monopolar radiofrequency devices, vaginoplasty.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>доброкачественные заболевания</kwd><kwd>вульва</kwd><kwd>влагалище</kwd><kwd>постменопауза</kwd><kwd>диагностика</kwd><kwd>лечение</kwd><kwd>атрофический вагинит</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>benign diseases</kwd><kwd>vulva</kwd><kwd>vagina</kwd><kwd>postmenopause</kwd><kwd>diagnosis</kwd><kwd>treatment</kwd><kwd>atrophic vaginitis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brotman R. M., Shardell M. D., Gajer P., et al. 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