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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">lvrach</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Лечащий Врач</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lechaschi Vrach</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1560-5175</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2687-1181</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Издательство "Открытые системы"»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51793/OS.2021.24.9.011</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">lvrach-813</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКТУАЛЬНАЯ ТЕМА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TOPICAL THEME</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Место азитромицина в комплексной терапии COVID-19. Преимущества  и эффективность применения диспергируемой формы  в амбулаторных условиях</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Azithromycin in the complex therapy of COVID-19. Advantages and effectiveness of the use of the dispersed form in outpatient settings</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Суханов</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sukhanov</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Марьюшкина</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maryushkina</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Азовцев</surname><given-names>Д. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Azovtsev</surname><given-names>D. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Оковитый</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Okovity</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО СПбГХФУ Минздрава России; СПбГБУЗ «Противотуберкулезный диспансер № 12»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint-Petersburg Chemical Pharmaceutical University;Tuberculosis Dispensary № 12</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО СПбГХФУ Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint-Petersburg Chemical Pharmaceutical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>СПбГБУЗ «Противотуберкулезный диспансер № 12»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Tuberculosis Dispensary № 12</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>10</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>9</issue><fpage>59</fpage><lpage>64</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Суханов Д.С., Марьюшкина В.С., Азовцев Д.Ю., Оковитый С.В., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Суханов Д.С., Марьюшкина В.С., Азовцев Д.Ю., Оковитый С.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sukhanov D.S., Maryushkina V.S., Azovtsev D.Y., Okovity S.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.lvrach.ru/jour/article/view/813">https://journal.lvrach.ru/jour/article/view/813</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье рассмотрена сочетанная инфекция SARS-CoV-2 с другими возбудителями инфекций нижних дыхательных путей. Особое внимание уделено сочетанной вирусно-бактериальной инфекции, развившейся в амбулаторных условиях. Рассмотрены патогенетические механизмы COVID-19, предрасполагающие к развитию внебольничной пневмонии и их дифференциально-диагностические критерии. Подчеркнута необходимость обоснованного назначения антибиотиков. Авторами также указано отсутствие в настоящее время в литературе точных данных о преобладающих возбудителях пневмонии при COVID-19. Проанализирован алгоритм эмпирической антибактериальной терапии внебольничных пневмоний на фоне COVID-19 в амбулаторных условиях с позиций современных методических рекомендаций с акцентом на лекарственные формы для приема внутрь. Рассмотрены показания к назначению макролидов, особенности клинического применения азитромицина с учетом его спектра действия. Показаны преимущества азитромицина в сравнении с другими макролидами (кларитромицин, джозамицин), рассмотрены его иммуномодулирующее и противовоспалительное действие, а также рассмотрены точки приложения азитромицина в терапии осложнений инфекции SARS-CoV-2. С позиций фармакокинетических/фармакодинамических особенностей азитромицин (в отличие от остальных макролидов) обладает зависимым от концентрации бактерицидным эффектом, а следовательно, максимальная эрадикация микроорганизмов при его введении наблюдается при концентрации, превышающей минимальную подавляющую концентрацию примерно в 10 раз, тогда как время, в течение которого сохраняется эта концентрация, менее существенно. С одной стороны, с этим связана возможность его однократного применения, а с другой – степень и скорость абсорбции в желудочно-кишечном тракте напрямую определяют концентрацию препарата в тканях, а значит, и клиническую эффективность. Оценены преимущества лекарственной формы «таблетки диспергируемые» в сравнении с традиционными лекарственными формами для приема внутрь. Проанализированы фармакокинетические преимущества диспергируемых таблеток в виде их улучшенной биодоступности, их благоприятный профиль безопасности и удобство применения у различных категорий пациентов, а также потенциально более высокая клиническая эффективность.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article considers the combined infection of SARS-CoV-2 with other pathogens of lower respiratory tract infections. Special attention is paid to a mixed viral-bacterial infection that developed in an outpatient setting. The pathogenetic mechanisms of COVID-19 predisposing to the development of community-acquired pneumonia and their differential diagnostic criteria are considered. The necessity of reasonable prescribing of antibiotics is emphasized. The authors also point out the current lack of accurate data in the literature on the predominant pathogens of pneumonia in COVID-19. The algorithm of empirical antibacterial therapy of community-acquired pneumonia against the background of COVID-19 in outpatient settings is analyzed from the standpoint of modern methodological recommendations with an emphasis on dosage forms for oral administration. Indications for the appointment of macrolides, features of the clinical use of azithromycin, taking into account its spectrum of action, are considered. The advantages of azithromycin in comparison with other macrolides (clarithromycin, josamycin) are shown, its immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects are considered. From the standpoint of pharmacokinetic / pharmacodynamic features, azithromycin (unlike other macrolides) has a concentration-dependent bactericidal effect, and therefore, the maximum eradication of microorganisms upon its administration is observed at a concentration that exceeds the minimum inhibitory concentration by about 10 times, while the time during which this concentration is retained, less significantly. On the one hand, this is associated with the possibility of its single use, and on the other, the degree and rate of absorption in the gastrointestinal tract directly determine the concentration of the drug in the tissues, and hence the clinical efficacy. The points of application of azithromycin in the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection are considered. The advantages of the dosage form of the dispersed tablet in comparison with traditional dosage forms for oral administration are evaluated. The pharmacokinetic advantages of dispersed tablets in the form of their improved bioavailability, their favorable safety profile and ease of use in various categories of patients, as well as potentially higher clinical efficacy are analyzed.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>пневмония</kwd><kwd>антибактериальная терапия</kwd><kwd>азитромицин</kwd><kwd>таблетки диспергируемые</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>pneumonia</kwd><kwd>antibacterial therapy</kwd><kwd>azithromycin</kwd><kwd>dispersible tablets</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Никифоров В. В., Суранова Т. Г., Чернобровкина Т. Я., Янковская Я. Д., Бурова С. В. 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