<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">lvrach</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Лечащий Врач</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lechaschi Vrach</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1560-5175</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2687-1181</issn><publisher><publisher-name></publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26295/OS.2021.91.79.001</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">lvrach-6</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Артериальное давление в остром периоде ишемического инсульта</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Blood pressure in the acute period of ischemic stroke</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Широков</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shirokov</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">evg-747747@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБВОУ ВМА им. С. М. Кирова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>S. M. Kirov Military medical Academy, Moscow branch</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>06</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>7</fpage><lpage>9</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Широков Е.А., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Широков Е.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shirokov E.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.lvrach.ru/jour/article/view/6">https://journal.lvrach.ru/jour/article/view/6</self-uri><abstract><p>Ишемический инсульт занимает одно из ведущих мест среди причин смерти и стойкой утраты трудоспособности. Летальность в остром периоде ишемического инсульта остается высокой от 8% до 20% в зависимости от тяжести острого нарушения мозгового кровообращения. Контроль артериального давления в остром периоде инсульта является важным инструментом улучшения исходов заболевания. Автор статьи ставит под сомнение целесообразность сохранения высоких значения артериального давления в остром периоде ишемического инсульта. Новые перфузионные методы исследования головного мозга не поддерживают сложившихся представлений о полезности высокого артериального давления в первые часы и дни ишемического инсульта. В статье обсуждаются механизмы нарушений внутримозговой гемодинамики и влияния на них артериального давления. Можно выделить как минимум три механизма негативного влияния выраженной артериальной гипертензии (АГ) на клиническую ситуацию в остром периоде инсульта. Первое и главное: высокое артериальное давление (АД) как минимум не улучшает мозговую перфузию, а как максимум ухудшает ее не только в зоне повреждения, но и в областях мозга, отдаленных от участка ишемии. Второе: избыточное АД увеличивает вероятность геморрагической трансформации ишемического очага и всех вариантов внутричерепных кровоизлияний. Третье: АГ увеличивает нагрузку на миокард, что приводит к уменьшению минутного объема крови и, в конечном счете, снижению объемной скорости мозгового кровотока. Автор высказывает свое обоснованное мнение об оптимальных параметрах артериального давления у больных с ишемическим инсультом.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Ischemic stroke is one of the leading causes of death and permanent disability. The mortality rate in the acute period of ischemic stroke remains high – from 8% to 20%, depending on the severity of acute cerebral circulatory disorders. Monitoring blood pressure in the acute period of stroke is an important tool for improving the outcomes of the disease. The author of the article questions the expediency of maintaining high blood pressure values in the acute period of ischemic stroke. New perfusion methods of brain research do not support the established ideas about the usefulness of high blood pressure in the first hours and days of ischemic stroke. The article discusses the mechanisms of violations of intracerebral hemodynamics and the influence of blood pressure on them. At least three mechanisms of the negative impact of severe arterial hypertension (AH) on the clinical situation in the acute period of stroke can be distinguished. First and foremost: high blood pressure (BP) does not at least improve cerebral perfusion, but at the very least worsens it not only in the area of damage, but also in areas of the brain remote from the site of ischemia. Second: excessive blood pressure increases the likelihood of hemorrhagic transformation of the ischemic focus and all variants of intracranial hemorrhage. Third: AH increases the load on the myocardium, which leads to a decrease in the minute volume of blood and, ultimately, a decrease in the volumetric rate of cerebral blood flow. The author gives his well-founded opinion on the optimal parameters of blood pressure in patients with ischemic stroke. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Premium</kwd><kwd>Ангиология</kwd><kwd>Артериальная гипертония</kwd><kwd>Инсульт</kwd><kwd>Ишемический инсульт</kwd><kwd>Кардиология</kwd><kwd>Мозговое кровообращение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cardiovascular disease</kwd><kwd>arterial hypertension</kwd><kwd>anxiety</kwd><kwd>microcirculation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Парфенов В. А., Хасанова Д. Р. Ишемический инсульт. М.: «Издательство «Медицинское информационное агентство», 2012. 288 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Parfenov V. A., Chasanova D. P. Ishemocheskiy insult. [Ischemic strokes] M.: Izdatelstvo Medicinskoe informacionnoe agentstvo, 2012. 288 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Инсульт. Современные подходы диагностики, лечения и профилактики: методические рекомендации / Под ред. Д. Р. Хасановой, В. И. Данилова. М.: ГЕОТАРМедиа, 2014. 248 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Insult. Sovremennie podhodi diagnostiki, lechenia I profilaktiki: metodicheski rekomendacii [Stroke. Modern approaches to diagnosis, treatment and prevention: guidelines] Pod redakciei D. P. Chasanovoi, V. I. Danilova. M.: GEOTARMedia, 2014. 248 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sharma V. K., Tan B. Y., Ying Sim M. Y. Rationale and design of a randomized trial of early intensive blood pressure lowering on cerebral perfusion parameters in thrombolysed acute ischemic stroke patients // Medicine. 2018; 97: 40 (e12721). doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000012721.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sharma V. K., Tan B. Y., Ying Sim M. Y. Rationale and design of a randomized trial of early intensive blood pressure lowering on cerebral perfusion parameters in thrombolysed acute ischemic stroke patients // Medicine. 2018; 97: 40 (e12721). doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000012721.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Powers W., Rabinstein A., Ackerson T. et al. Guidelines for the Early Management of Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke. A Guideline for Healthcare Professionals From the American Heart Association / American Stroke Association // Stroke. 2018; 49: eXXX. DOI: 10.1161/STR.0000000000000158.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Powers W., Rabinstein A., Ackerson T. et al. Guidelines for the Early Management of Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke. A Guideline for Healthcare Professionals From the American Heart Association / American Stroke Association // Stroke. 2018; 49: eXXX. DOI: 10.1161/STR.0000000000000158.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Powers W. J. Acute hypertension after acute stroke: the scientific basis for treatment decisions // Neurology. 1993; 43: 461-467.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Powers W. J. Acute hypertension after acute stroke: the scientific basis for treatment decisions // Neurology. 1993; 43: 461-467.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vilela P., Howard A., Rowley Y. A. Brain Ischemia: CT and MRI Techniques in Acute Ischemic Stroke // Eur J Radiol. 2017; 96: 162-172. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2017.08.014. Epub 2017 Aug 24.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vilela P., Howard A., Rowley Y. A. Brain Ischemia: CT and MRI Techniques in Acute Ischemic Stroke // Eur J Radiol. 2017; 96: 162-172. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2017.08.014. Epub 2017 Aug 24.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Anderson C. S., Huang Y., Lindley R. I., et al. Intensive blood pressure reduction with intravenous thrombolysis therapy for acute ischaemic stroke (ENCHANTED): an international, randomised, open-label, blinded-endpoint, phase 3 trial/ Published Online February 7, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(19)30038-8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Anderson C. S., Huang Y., Lindley R. I., et al. Intensive blood pressure reduction with intravenous thrombolysis therapy for acute ischaemic stroke (ENCHANTED): an international, randomised, open-label, blinded-endpoint, phase 3 trial/ Published Online February 7, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(19)30038-8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Skalidi S. J., Manios E. D., Stamatelopoulos K. S., et al. Brain edema formation is associated with the time rate of blood pressure variation in acute stroke patients // Blood Press Monit. 2013; 18 (4): 203-207.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Skalidi S. J., Manios E. D., Stamatelopoulos K. S., et al. Brain edema formation is associated with the time rate of blood pressure variation in acute stroke patients // Blood Press Monit. 2013; 18 (4): 203-207.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Amarenco P., Lavallée C., Monteiro Tavares L. Five-Year Risk of Stroke after TIA or Minor Ischemic Stroke/New Eng Journal of medicine. Published on May 16, 2018, at NEJM.org. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1802712.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Amarenco P., Lavallée C., Monteiro Tavares L. Five-Year Risk of Stroke after TIA or Minor Ischemic Stroke/New Eng Journal of medicine. Published on May 16, 2018, at NEJM.org. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1802712.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Широков Е. А. Гемодинамические кризы. М.: Издательство КВОРУМ, 2011. 146 с. [Shirokov E. A. Gemodinamicheskie krisi. [Hemodynamic crises] M.: Izdatelstvo KVORUM, 2011. 146 s.]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Широков Е. А. Гемодинамические кризы. М.: Издательство КВОРУМ, 2011. 146 с. [Shirokov E. A. Gemodinamicheskie krisi. [Hemodynamic crises] M.: Izdatelstvo KVORUM, 2011. 146 s.]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kim J. S., Lee S., Suh S. W., et al. Association of Low Blood Pressure with White Matter Hyperintensities in Elderly Individuals with Controlled Hypertension // Journal of Stroke. 2020; 22 (1): 99-107. https://doi.org/10.5853/jos.2019.01844.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kim J. S., Lee S., Suh S. W., et al. Association of Low Blood Pressure with White Matter Hyperintensities in Elderly Individuals with Controlled Hypertension // Journal of Stroke. 2020; 22 (1): 99-107. https://doi.org/10.5853/jos.2019.01844.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
