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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">lvrach</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Лечащий Врач</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lechaschi Vrach</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1560-5175</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2687-1181</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Издательство "Открытые системы"»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26295/OS.2020.29.66.011</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">lvrach-235</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Профилактическая эффективность рекомбинантного интерферона альфа-2b в условиях пандемии COVID-19</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Рreventive efficacy of interferon -2b in the COVID-19 pandemic</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Понежева</surname><given-names>Ж. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ponezheva</surname><given-names>Zh. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">doktorim@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гришаева</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grishaeva</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маннанова</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mannanova</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Купченко</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kupchenko</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яцышина</surname><given-names>С. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yatsyshina</surname><given-names>S. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Краснова</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krasnova</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малиновская</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Malynovskaya</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Акимкин</surname><given-names>В. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akimkin</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН ЦНИИЭ Роспотребнадзора РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>The Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human WellBeing</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ ИКБ № 2 ДЗМ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Infectious Diseases Clinical Hospital Two, Department of Health of Moscow City Moscow</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ НИЦЭМ им. Н. Ф. Гамалеи Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>The N. F. Gamaleya Federal State Research Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>06</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>12</issue><fpage>56</fpage><lpage>60</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Понежева Ж.Б., Гришаева А.А., Маннанова И.В., Купченко А.Н., Яцышина С.Б., Краснова С.В., Малиновская В.В., Акимкин В.Г., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Понежева Ж.Б., Гришаева А.А., Маннанова И.В., Купченко А.Н., Яцышина С.Б., Краснова С.В., Малиновская В.В., Акимкин В.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ponezheva Z.B., Grishaeva A.A., Mannanova I.V., Kupchenko A.N., Yatsyshina S.B., Krasnova S.V., Malynovskaya V.V., Akimkin V.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.lvrach.ru/jour/article/view/235">https://journal.lvrach.ru/jour/article/view/235</self-uri><abstract><p>Пандемия COVID-19 вызвала кризис здравоохранения во всем мире и продолжает наносить колоссальный экономический ущерб. Число инфицированных превысило уже 48 млн человек, зарегистрировано более 1 млн летальных случаев. В настоящее время на территории Российской Федерации отмечается неуклонный рост новых случаев COVID-19. Новая коронавирусная инфекция, вызванная вирусом SARS-CoV-2, имеет некоторые клинико-иммунопатогенетические особенности. SARS-CoV-2 это вирус, содержащий одноцепочечную РНК и относящийся к семейству Coronaviridae, роду Betacoronavirus. COVID-19 может протекать бессимптомно, самым частым клиническим проявлением является вирусная пневмония, развитие острого респираторного дистресс-синдрома отмечено не более чем в 5% случаев. Входными воротами возбудителя являются эпителий верхних дыхательных путей и эпителиоциты желудочно-кишечного тракта. При попадании вируса в дыхательные пути человека наблюдается подавление активности мукоцилиарного клиренса и гибель эпителиоцитов, что дает возможность вирусу проникнуть в периферическую кровь с последующим поражением органов-мишеней (легких, пищеварительного тракта, сердца, почек). Важное патогенетическое значение при инфекции SARS-CoV-2, особенно при тяжелом течении заболевания, играет избыточный ответ иммунной системы с массивным высвобождением цитокинов, который становится причиной возникновения острого респираторного дистресс-синдрома. В ходе клинико-экспериментальных исследований установлено, что SARS-CoV-2 может быть значительно более чувствительным к интерферонам I типа (ИФН-I), чем другие виды коронавирусов. Считается, что дефицит ИФН-I играет ключевую роль в патогенезе COVID-19, и в ряде исследований показано, что отсроченная передача сигналов ИФН-I связана с устойчивой репликацией вируса и серьезными осложнениями. Применение препаратов данной группы (ИФН-I) для лечения и профилактики COVID-19 представляется актуальным для изучения. В многочисленных исследованиях отмечено успешное применение рекомбинантного интерферона -2b для профилактики острых вирусных инфекций. С целью определения профилактической эффективности интерферона -2b с антиоксидантным комплексом у медицинских работников, имеющих прямой контакт с инфицированными вирусом SARS-CoV-2, проведено исследование. Под наблюдением в течение месяца были 109 медицинских работников, контактирующих с больными COVID-19. В профилактических целях 75 медработников принимали в различных схемах в течение 10 дней интерферон -2b с антиоксидантным комплексом (витаминами Е и С), а группу сравнения составили 34 медицинских работника без профилактического курса. Среди медицинских работников, получавших профилактическую терапию интерфероном -2b, в периоде наблюдения было инфицировано вирусом SARS-CoV-2 только 5,3% сотрудников, в то время как в группе сравнения без профилактического курса доля инфицированных коронавирусной инфекцией COVID-19 составила 32,4% медработников. Полученные данные указывают на высокую профилактическую активность данного препарата в отношении новой коронавирусной инфекции.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a global health crisis and is still causing enormous economic damage. The amount of infected people has already exceeded 48 million, and more than 1 million deaths have been registered. A steady increase of new cases of COVID-19 is currently observed on the territory of the Russian Federation. The new coronavirus infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus has some clinical and immunopathogenetic features. SARS-CoV-2 is a single-stranded RNA-containing virus that belongs to the family Coronaviridae, the genus Betacoronavirus. COVID-19 can be asymptomatic, the most common clinical manifestation is viral pneumonia, the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome is noted in less than 5% of cases. The entrance gate of the pathogen is the epithelium of the upper respiratory tract and epithelial cells of the gastrointestinal tract. When the virus enters the human respiratory tract, there is a suppression of the activity of mucocillar clearance and the death of epithelial cells, which allows the virus to enter the peripheral blood, followed by damage to target organs (lungs, digestive tract, heart, kidneys). An important pathogenetic value in SARS-CoV-2 infection, especially in severe disease, is an excessive response of the immune system with a massive release of cytokines, which causes acute respiratory distress syndrome. Research has shown that SARS-CoV-2 can be more sensitive to type I interferons (IFN-I) than other types of coronaviruses. IFN-I deficiency plays a key role in the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 and delayed signaling of IFN-I is associated with sustained virus replication and serious complications, as shown in several studies. The use of drugs in this group for the treatment and prevention of COVID-19 is an urgent issue to study. The use of recombinant interferon-α-2b for the prevention of acute viral infections has been successful in multiple studies. This study was conducted to determine the preventive effectiveness of interferon α-2b with an antioxidant complex in health care workers who have direct contact with those infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. We observed 109 medical workers who had contact with COVID-19 patients during a month. For prophylactic purposes, 75 medical workers took interferon-α-2b with an antioxidant complex (vitamins E and C) for prophylactic purposes in various regimens for 10 days, and in the comparison group was 34 medical workers without preventive treatment. Only 5.3% of medical workers who received preventive therapy with interferon α-2b were infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus after 20 days, while 32.4% of medical workers in the comparison group were infected with the covid-19 coronavirus. The data obtained indicate a high preventive activity of Viferon against a new coronavirus infection. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>SARS-CoV-2</kwd><kwd>Гель</kwd><kwd>Иммунология</kwd><kwd>Интерферон альфа-2b</kwd><kwd>Инфекции</kwd><kwd>Пандемия</kwd><kwd>Профилактика</kwd><kwd>Ректальный суппозиторий</kwd><kwd>Эффективность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pandemic</kwd><kwd>SARS-CoV-2 virus</kwd><kwd>interferon α-2b</kwd><kwd>prevention</kwd><kwd>efficacy</kwd><kwd>rectal suppository</kwd><kwd>gel</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Онлайн-карта распространения коронавируса. 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