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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">lvrach</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Лечащий Врач</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lechaschi Vrach</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1560-5175</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2687-1181</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Издательство "Открытые системы"»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26295/OS.2020.62.62.001</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">lvrach-197</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Фармакодинамические подходы к применению мукоактивных препаратов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pharmacodynamic approaches to the use of mucoactive drugs</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Оковитый</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Okovity</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зайцев</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zaitsev</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Анисимова</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Anisimova</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО СПХФУ Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint-Petersburg Chemical Pharmaceutical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГКУ ГВКГ им. Н. Н. Бурденко Минобороны России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N. N. Burdenko Military Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>06</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>10</issue><fpage>6</fpage><lpage>10</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Оковитый С.В., Зайцев А.А., Анисимова Н.А., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Оковитый С.В., Зайцев А.А., Анисимова Н.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Okovity S.V., Zaitsev A.A., Anisimova N.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.lvrach.ru/jour/article/view/197">https://journal.lvrach.ru/jour/article/view/197</self-uri><abstract><p>Кашель рефлекторная, защитно-приспособительная реакция организма, направленная на выведение из дыхательных путей инородных веществ и/или патологически измененного трахеобронхиального секрета. Кашель один из наиболее важных компонентов легочного клиренса, включающийся тогда, когда естественные механизмы не справляются. Он может иметь как положительное значение (очищение дыхательных путей), так и негативное (утомляет больного, нарушает сон, питание, может привести к различным осложнениям). Поэтому управление кашлем с использованием фармакологических и нефармакологических методов может уменьшить его в случае чрезмерной выраженности и улучшать легочный клиренс. Основу фармакотерапии кашля составляют мукоактивные препараты, образующие четыре фармакологические группы: экспекторанты (отхаркивающие), муколитики, мукокинетики, мукорегуляторы. Кроме того, в отдельных случаях могут быть использованы препараты, подавляющие кашлевой рефлекс в центральном или периферическом звене. Все они обеспечивают симптоматическое облегчение кашля и сокращают продолжительность симптомов. Выбор препаратов для управления кашлем определяется их фармакодинамикой и особенностями влияния на характер бронхиального секрета.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Cough is a reflex, protective and adaptive reaction of the body aimed at removing foreign sub-stances and/or pathologically altered tracheobronchial secretions from the respiratory tract. Cough is one of the most important components of pulmonary clearance, which is activated when natural mechanisms fail. It can have both a positive value (clearing the airways) and a negative value (it tires the patient, disrupts sleep, nutrition, and can lead to various complica-tions). Therefore, the treatment of cough using pharmacological and nonmedicinal methods can reduce it in the case of excessive severity and improve pulmonary clearance. The basis of cough pharmacotherapy is mucoactive drugs, which form four pharmacological groups: expectorants, mucolytics, mucokinetics, mucoregulators. In addition, in some cases, drugs can be used to suppress the cough reflex in the central or peripheral link. All of them provide symptomatic cough relief and reduce the duration of symptoms. The choice of medicines for the treatment of cough is determined by their pharmacodynamics and features of influence on the nature of bronchial secretions. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Premium</kwd><kwd>Бронхопульмонология</kwd><kwd>Кашель</kwd><kwd>Мукокинетики</kwd><kwd>Муколитики</kwd><kwd>Мукорегуляторы</kwd><kwd>Оториноларингология</kwd><kwd>Терапия</kwd><kwd>Управление кашлем</kwd><kwd>Фармакология</kwd><kwd>Экспекторанты</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cough</kwd><kwd>cough managing</kwd><kwd>mucolytics</kwd><kwd>mucokinetics</kwd><kwd>mucoregulators</kwd><kwd>expectorants</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Finley C. 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