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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">lvrach</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Лечащий Врач</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lechaschi Vrach</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1560-5175</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2687-1181</issn><publisher><publisher-name></publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51793/OS.2026.29.5.006</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">lvrach-1613</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГАСТРОЭНТЕРОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GASTROENTEROLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Диетотерапиия при целиакии: проблемы и ограничения</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diet therapy for celiac disease: problems and limitations</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7606-2556</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Семенова Елена Анатольевна, к.м.н., доцент кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней, гастроэнтерологии и диетологии имени С. М. Рысса,</p><p>195067, Санкт-Петербург, Пискаревский пр., 47</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena A. Semenova, Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Propedeutics of Internal Diseases, Gastroenterology and Dietology named after S. M. Ryss,</p><p>47 Piskarevsky ave., Saint Petersburg, 195067</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kynardy@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5991-3086</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ефремова</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Efremova</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ефремова Анастасия Юрьевна, аспирант 2-го курса кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней, гастроэнтерологии и диетологии имени С. М. Рысса, </p><p>195067, Санкт-Петербург, Пискаревский пр., 47</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasia Yu. Efremova, 2nd year PhD student of the Department of Propedeutics of Internal Diseases, Gastroenterology and Dietology named after S. M. Ryss,</p><p>47 Piskarevsky ave., Saint Petersburg, 195067</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">efremowa.nastia17@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6151-2021</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бакулин</surname><given-names>И. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bakulin</surname><given-names>I. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бакулин Игорь Геннадьевич, д.м.н. профессор, главный внештатный специалист-терапевт Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации по Северо-Западному федеральному округу Российской Федерации, главный внештатный специалист-гастроэнтеролог Ленинградской области, директор Института терапии, заведующий кафедрой пропедевтики внутренних болезней, гастроэнтерологии и диетологии имени С. М. Рысса,</p><p>195067, Санкт-Петербург, Пискаревский пр., 47</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor G. Bakulin, Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Chief Non-staff Specialist in Internal Medicine of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation for the North-Western Federal District, Chief Non-staff Gastroenterologist of the Leningrad Region, Director of the Institute of Therapy, Head of the Department of Propedeutics of Internal Diseases, Gastroenterology and Dietology named after S. M. Ryss, </p><p>47 Piskarevsky ave., Saint Petersburg, 195067</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">igbakulin@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Анненкова</surname><given-names>А. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Annenkova</surname><given-names>A. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анненкова Александра Петровна, ординатор 2-го года кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней, гастроэнтерологии и диетологии имени С. М. Рысса, </p><p>195067, Санкт-Петербург, Пискаревский пр., 47</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandra P. Annenkova, 2nd year Resident of the Department of Propedeutics of Internal Diseases, Gastroenterology and Dietology named after S. M. Ryss, </p><p>47 Piskarevsky ave., Saint Petersburg, 195067</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alexandra.annenk@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет имени И. И. Мечникова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I. I. Mechnikov Northwestern State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>51</fpage><lpage>56</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Семенова Е.А., Ефремова А.Ю., Бакулин И.Г., Анненкова А.П., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Семенова Е.А., Ефремова А.Ю., Бакулин И.Г., Анненкова А.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Semenova E.A., Efremova A.Y., Bakulin I.G., Annenkova A.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.lvrach.ru/jour/article/view/1613">https://journal.lvrach.ru/jour/article/view/1613</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Целиакия – хроническое иммуноопосредованное заболевание, при котором безглютеновая диета является единственным эффективным методом лечения. Несмотря на ее эффективность, приверженность пациентов остается проблемой, а низкая комплаентность ассоциирована с риском осложнений. Соблюдение безглютеновой диеты осложняется социальными, экономическими и психологическими факторами.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель работы</title><p>Цель работы. Оценить эффективность безглютеновой диеты у пациентов с целиакией и выявить основные проблемы при ее соблюдении.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Проведено двухэтапное исследование с использованием онлайн-анкетирования. Из 117 респондентов отобраны 77 пациентов с целиакией (средний возраст – 34 ± 10 лет). Пациенты распределены по возрастным группам. Оценивались приверженность, клинический эффект, а также психологические и социально-экономические факторы. Статистический анализ включал описательные методы и критерий χ².</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Строгую безглютеновую диету соблюдали 88,3% пациентов, при этом в группе старше 45 лет – 100%. Клинический эффект отмечен у 89,6%, чаще в первый месяц терапии. У 25% пациентов наблюдалось ухудшение самочувствия. Часто выявлялись дефицитные состояния: анемия (41,6%) и недостаток нутриентов (49,4%). Психологические нарушения отмечены у 71,4% пациентов. Выявлены значимые социально-экономические барьеры: высокая стоимость и низкая доступность продуктов, ограниченный ассортимент, социальная изоляция и трудности соблюдения диеты вне дома. Установлена связь между молодым возрастом и неудовлетворенностью ассортиментом (p &lt; 0,01).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Несмотря на высокую приверженность к безглютеновой диете, ее соблюдение ограничено психологическими и социально-экономическими факторами и сопровождается риском дефицитов, что требует персонификации динамического наблюдения пациентов с целиакией.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Celiac disease is a chronic immune-mediated disorder for which a gluten-free diet is the only treatment. Despite its efficacy, patient adherence remains a challenge, and low compliance is associated with the risk of complications. Adherence to a GFD is complicated by social, economic, and psychological factors.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To assess efficacy of the gluten-free diet in patients with celiac disease and identify the main problems associated with its compliance.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. A two-stage study using an online questionnaire was conducted. Out of 117 respondents, 77 patients with celiac disease (mean age 34 ± 10 years) were selected. Patients were divided into age groups. Adherence, clinical effect, as well as psychological and socio-economic factors were assessed. Statistical analysis included descriptive methods and the χ² test.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Strict adherence to a gluten-free diet was observed in 88.3% of patients, reaching 100% in the group over 45 years of age. A clinical effect was noted in 89.6% of patients, most frequently within the first month of therapy. Worsening of well-being was observed in 25% of patients. Deficiency conditions were frequently identified: anemia (41.6%) and nutrient deficiencies (49.4%). Psychological disorders were noted in 71.4% of patients. Significant socio-economic barriers were identified: high cost and low availability of products, limited product range, social isolation, and difficulties in adhering to the diet outside the home. A significant association was found between younger age and dissatisfaction with the product range (p &lt; 0.01).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Despite high adherence to a gluten-free diet, its maintenance is limited by psychological and socioeconomic factors and is associated with a risk of nutritional deficiencies, which necessitates personalized and dynamic follow-up of patients with celiac disease.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>целиакия</kwd><kwd>безглютеновая диета</kwd><kwd>непереносимость глютена</kwd><kwd>комплаентность</kwd><kwd>приверженность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>celiac disease</kwd><kwd>gluten-free diet</kwd><kwd>gluten intolerance</kwd><kwd>compliance</kwd><kwd>adherence</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Xhaferaj M., Scherf K. A. Gluten Is Not Gluten. 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DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2019.02.005. Epub 2019 Feb 22. PMID: 30954342.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
