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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">lvrach</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Лечащий Врач</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lechaschi Vrach</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1560-5175</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2687-1181</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Издательство "Открытые системы"»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51793/OS.2026.29.5.001</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">lvrach-1608</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГАСТРОЭНТЕРОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GASTROENTEROLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Междисциплинарный подход к диагностике внепищеводных проявлений гастроэзофагеальной рефлюксной болезни</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diagnosis of extraesophageal manifestations of GERD: an interdisciplinary approach</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6581-7017</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ливзан</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Livzan</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ливзан Мария Анатольевна, д.м.н., профессор, членкорреспондент РАН, заведующая кафедрой факультетской терапии и гастроэнтерологии, ректор, </p><p>644099, Омск, ул. Ленина, 12</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria A. Livzan, Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Corresponding Member of Russian Academy of Sciences, Head of the Department of Faculty Therapy and Gastroenterology, Rector, </p><p>12 Lenina str., Omsk, 644099</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mlivzan@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9370-4768</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гаус</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gaus</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гаус Ольга Владимировна, д.м.н., профессор кафедры факультетской терапии и гастроэнтерологии, </p><p>644099, Омск, ул. Ленина, 12</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Gaus, Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor of the Department of Faculty Therapy and Gastroenterology,</p><p>12 Lenina str., Omsk, 644099</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gaus_olga@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9793-7179</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нестерова</surname><given-names>К. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nesterova</surname><given-names>K. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нестерова Климентина Ивановна, д.м.н., профессор кафедры оториноларингологии, </p><p>644099, Омск, ул. Ленина, 12</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Klimentina I. Nesterova, Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor of the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, </p><p>12 Lenina str., Omsk, 644099</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">loromsk14@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алгазина</surname><given-names>Н. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Algazina</surname><given-names>N. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алгазина Наталья Петровна, гастроэнтеролог, </p><p>644007, Омск, ул. Октябрьская, 120</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalya P. Algazina, Gastroenterologist, </p><p>120 Oktyabrskaya str., Omsk, 644007</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">89045884598@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Омский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Omsk State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Омский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства&#13;
здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Omsk State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Семейный медицинский центр «Элита Фэмили»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Family Medical Center Elite Family Limited Liability Company</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>9</fpage><lpage>16</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ливзан М.А., Гаус О.В., Нестерова К.И., Алгазина Н.П., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ливзан М.А., Гаус О.В., Нестерова К.И., Алгазина Н.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Livzan M.A., Gaus O.V., Nesterova K.I., Algazina N.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.lvrach.ru/jour/article/view/1608">https://journal.lvrach.ru/jour/article/view/1608</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. В соответствии с современными представлениями под гастроэзофагеальной рефлюксной болезнью понимается хроническое рецидивирующее заболевание, характеризующееся первичным нарушением моторно-эвакуаторной функции верхних отделов желудочно-кишечного тракта, функции пищеводно-желудочного перехода и наличием патологического гастроэзофагеального рефлюкса, что способствует формированию клинических симптомов, а также воспалительных, дистрофических, эрозивно-язвенных и метапластических изменений слизистой оболочки дистального отдела пищевода вследствие воздействия на нее агрессивных молекул рефлюксата. Клинические симптомы, ассоциированные с гастроэзофагеальной рефлюксной болезнью, принято подразделять на пищеводные (изжога, регургитация кислым) и внепищеводные. Внепищеводные проявления гастроэзофагеальной рефлюксной болезни представляют собой одну из наиболее сложных клинических задач. Высокая распространенность гастроэзофагеальной рефлюксной болезни в популяции ввиду многофакторности заболевания, вариабельность клинической картины и вместе с тем отсутствие золотого стандарта диагностики нередко увеличивают время до верификации диагноза и своевременного начала рациональной терапии. Особую сложность представляет курация пациентов с внепищеводными симптомами, которые ввиду их неспецифичности могут расцениваться как проявление другой нозологии, не связанной с патологическим рефлюксом. Учитывая тесную анатомофизиологическую связь, среди широкого спектра внепищеводных проявлений гастроэзофагеальной рефлюксной болезни самыми распространенными являются оториноларингологические и стоматологические. При ведении таких пациентов ключевое значение приобретает междисцплинарный подход, основанный на взаимодействии гастроэнтеролога, оториноларинголога и стоматолога, что позволяет оптимизировать подходы к диагностике и лечению.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. В данной статье систематизированы и обобщены данные о механизмах, клинических проявлениях и возможностях современной диагностики оториноларингологических и стоматологических проявлений гастроэзофагеальной рефлюксной болезни.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Current concepts define gastroesophageal reflux disease as a chronic, recurrent condition, characterised by impaired upper gastrointestinal motility, gastroesophageal junction dysfunction, and pathological gastroesophageal reflux. This contributes to the development of clinical manifestations, as well as inflammatory, dystrophic, erosive, ulcerative, and metaplastic changes of the distal esophageal mucosa due to exposure to aggressive refluxate components. Clinical manifestations associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease can be subdivided into esophageal (heartburn, acid regurgitation) and extraesophageal. Extraesophageal manifestations of gastroesophageal reflux disease represent one of the most complex clinical challenges. The high prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease in the population, due to its multifactorial nature, its clinical variability, and absence of a universally accepted diagnostic gold standard often increase the time to diagnosis and the initiation of rational therapy. Managing patients with extraesophageal manifestations is particularly challenging, as their lack of specificity often contributes to misdiagnosis as other conditions unrelated to pathological reflux. Due to its tight anatomical and physiological relationship, among the wide spectrum of extraesophageal manifestations of gastroesophageal reflux disease, otorhinolaryngological and dental ones are the most frequently reported. A multidisciplinary approach, based on the collaboration between a gastroenterologist, otolaryngologist, and dentist, is essential in the management of these patients and improves diagnostic and treatment management.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. This article summarizes and systematizes data on the mechanisms, clinical manifestations, and the capabilities of modern diagnosis of otorhinolaryngologic and dental manifestations of gastroesophageal reflux disease.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гастроэзофагеальная рефлюксная болезнь</kwd><kwd>внепищеводные проявления</kwd><kwd>ларингофарингеальный рефлюкс</kwd><kwd>эрозии зубов</kwd><kwd>пепсин в слюне</kwd><kwd>диагностика гастроэзофагеальной рефлюксной болезни</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>gastroesophageal reflux disease</kwd><kwd>extraesophageal manifestations</kwd><kwd>laryngopharyngeal reflux</kwd><kwd>dental erosion</kwd><kwd>salivary pepsin</kwd><kwd>gastroesophageal reflux disease diagnosis</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья подготовлена в рамках выполнения работ по Государственному заданию Минздрава России «Разработка метода неинвазивной диагностики внепищеводных проявлений ГЭРБ» (№ гос. регистрации 125050605846-4 от 06.05.2025 г.).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This article was prepared as part of the Russian Ministry of health's state assignment "Development of a method for non-invasive diagnosis of extraesophageal manifestations of GERD" (state Registration No 125050605846-4, dated May 6, 2025).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Андреев Д. 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