<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">lvrach</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Лечащий Врач</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lechaschi Vrach</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1560-5175</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2687-1181</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Издательство "Открытые системы"»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51793/OS.2025.28.3.004</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">lvrach-1375</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭНДОКРИНОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ENDOCRINOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние гиперурикемии и сахарного диабета 2-го типа на развитие и течение хронической сердечной недостаточности</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The effect of hyperuricemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus on the development and course of chronic heart failure</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4851-9766</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колпачева</surname><given-names>М. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolpacheva</surname><given-names>M. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Колпачева Марина Геннадьевна, ассистент кафедры поликлинической терапии</p><p>94036, Воронеж, ул. Студенческая, 10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina G. Kolpacheva, Assistant of the Department of Polyclinic Therapy</p><p>10 Studencheskaya str. Voronezh, 394036</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">marina.kolpacheva.1997@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9026-7763</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пашкова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pashkova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пашкова Анна Александровна, профессор, д.м.н., заведующая кафедрой поликлинической терапии</p><p>394036, Воронеж, ул. Студенческая, 10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna A. Pashkova, Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Polyclinic Therapy</p><p>10 Studencheskaya str. Voronezh, 394036</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">apashkova@vrngmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1707-436X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шевцова</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shevcova</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шевцова Вероника Ивановна, к.м.н., доцент кафедры инфекционных болезней и клинической иммунологии</p><p>394036, Воронеж, ул. Студенческая, 10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Veronica I. Shevcova, Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Immunology</p><p>10 Studencheskaya str. Voronezh, 394036</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shevvi17@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Воронежский государственный медицинский университет имени Н. Н. Бурденко</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Voronezh State Medical University named after N. N. Burdenko</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>29</fpage><lpage>33</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Колпачева М.Г., Пашкова А.А., Шевцова В.И., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Колпачева М.Г., Пашкова А.А., Шевцова В.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kolpacheva M.G., Pashkova A.A., Shevcova V.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.lvrach.ru/jour/article/view/1375">https://journal.lvrach.ru/jour/article/view/1375</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. В структуре смертности лидирующее место занимают болезни сердечно-сосудистой системы. С каждым годом численность пациентов с патологией системы кровообращения увеличивается. Среди наиболее значимых заболеваний выделяют артериальную гипертензию, ишемическую болезнь сердца, нарушения ритма и проводимости, осложнением которых является хроническая сердечная недостаточность. Число больных с данным диагнозом в мире составляет около 64 млн человек. Повышение заболеваемости связано с увеличением продолжительности жизни людей, ростом сопутствующих патологий и факторов риска развития сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний, а также уменьшением смертности после инфаркта миокарда. Наличие коморбидной патологии утяжеляет течение сердечной недостаточности у таких пациентов. Заболевания сердечно-сосудистой системы зачастую сопровождаются такими патологиями, как избыточный вес или ожирение, гиперлипидемия, апноэ, сахарный диабет 2-го типа, хроническая обструктивная болезнь легких и др.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Проведен анализ российских и зарубежных литературных источников по исследуемой проблематике, который показал, что среди коморбидных состояний, утяжеляющих возникновение и течение сердечной недостаточности, в последнее время отдельное место занимают сахарный диабет и гиперурикемия. Авторы многих исследований отмечают наличие патогенетических механизмов в формировании хронической сердечной недостаточности у пациентов с сахарным диабетом. К ним относят окислительный стресс, эндотелиальную дисфункцию, воспаление и др., которые приводят к фиброзу и ремоделированию сердца. Мочевая кислота является компонентом патофизиологических, гемодинамических и воспалительных процессов. Ее повышенные уровни отмечаются у пациентов с хронической сердечной недостаточностью, что подтверждается множеством исследований на эту тему. Однако влияние гиперурикемии на данное заболевание не до конца ясно в настоящее время. Все это говорит о необходимости дальнейшего изучения, поиска методов ранней диагностики и снижения влияния гиперурикемии и сахарного диабета на возникновение и течение хронической сердечной недостаточности.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Diseases of the cardiovascular system occupy a leading place in the structure of mortality. The number of patients with circulatory system pathology is increasing every year. Among the most significant diseases are arterial hypertension, coronary heart disease, rhythm and conduction disorders, the complication of which is chronic heart failure. The number of patients with this diagnosis in the world is about 64 million people. The increase in morbidity is associated with an increase in life expectancy of people, an increase in associated pathologies and risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, and a decrease in mortality after myocardial infarction. The presence of comorbid pathology aggravates the course in such patients. Cardiovascular disease is often accompanied by pathologies such as overweight or obesity, hyperlipidemia, apnea, type 2 diabetes mellitus, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and others.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The analysis of Russian and foreign literature sources on the studied problem was carried out, which showed that among the comorbid conditions that aggravate the occurrence and course of heart failure, diabetes mellitus and hyperuricemia have recently occupied a separate place. Many studies have noted the presence of pathogenetic mechanisms in the formation of chronic heart failure in patients with diabetes mellitus. These include oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, etc., which lead to fibrosis and remodeling of the heart. Uric acid is a component of pathophysiological, hemodynamic and inflammatory processes. Its elevated levels are noted in patients with chronic heart failure, which is confirmed by many studies on this topic. However, the effect of hyperuricemia on this disease is not fully known at present. All this interprets the need for further study, search for methods of early diagnosis and reduction of the effect of hyperuricemia and diabetes mellitus on the occurrence and course of chronic heart failure.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>хроническая сердечная недостаточность</kwd><kwd>гиперурикемия</kwd><kwd>сахарный диабет</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chronic heart failure</kwd><kwd>hyperuricemia</kwd><kwd>diabetes mellitus</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шляхто Е. В., Беленков Ю. Н., Бойцов С. А. и др. Проспективное наблюдательное многоцентровое регистровое исследование пациентов с хронической сердечной недостаточностью в Российской Федерации (ПРИОРИТЕТ-ХСН): обоснование, цели и дизайн исследования. Российский кардиологический журнал. 2023; 6: 7-14. DOI: 10.15829/1560-4071-2023-5456. edn lkshvp.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shlyakhto E. V., Belenkov Yu. N., Boitsov S. A., etc. Prospective observational multicenter registry study of patients with chronic heart failure in the Russian Federation (PRIORITY-CHF): rationale, objectives and design of the study. Rossiiskii kardiologicheskii zhurnal. 2023; 28 (6): 7-14. (In Russ.) DOI: 10.15829/1560-4071-2023-5456. edn lkshvp.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сваровская А. В., Гарганеева А. А. Сахарный диабет 2 типа и сердечная недостаточность – современный взгляд на механизмы развития. Сахарный диабет. 2022; 25 (3): 267-274. DOI: 10.14341/dm12648. edn thwlkb.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Swarovskaya A. V., Garganeeva A. A. Type 2 diabetes mellitus and heart failure – a modern view on the mechanisms of development. Sakharnyi diabet. 2022; 25 (3): 267-274. (In Russ.) DOI: 10.14341/dm12648. edn thwlkb.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Волынкина А. П., Золоедов В. И., Николаева Е. Ю. и др. Особенности хронической сердечной недостаточности при сахарном диабете. Многопрофильный стационар. 2022; 9 (2): 52-55. EDN TDYDAE.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Volynkina A. P., Zolotoyedov V. I., Nikolaeva E. Yu., etc. Features of chronic heart failure in diabetes mellitus. Mnogoprofilnyi statsionar. 2022; 9 (2): 52-55. (In Russ.) EDN TDYDAE.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cho N. H., Shaw J. E., Karuranga S., Huang Y., da Rocha Fernandes J. D., Ohlrogge A. W., Malanda B. IDF Diabetes Atlas: Global estimates of diabetes prevalence for 2017 and projections for 2045. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2018; 138: 271-281. DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2018.02.023. Epub 2018 Feb 26. PMID: 29496507.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cho N. H., Shaw J. E., Karuranga S., Huang Y., da Rocha Fernandes J. D., Ohlrogge A. W., Malanda B. IDF Diabetes Atlas: Global estimates of diabetes prevalence for 2017 and projections for 2045. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2018; 138: 271-281. DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2018.02.023. Epub 2018 Feb 26. PMID: 29496507.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kannel W. B., Hjortland M., Castelli W. P. Role of diabetes in congestive heart failure: the Framingham study. Am J Cardiol. 1974; 34 (1): 29-34. DOI: 10.1016/0002-9149(74)90089-7. PMID: 4835750.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kannel W. B., Hjortland M., Castelli W. P. Role of diabetes in congestive heart failure: the Framingham study. Am J Cardiol. 1974; 34 (1): 29-34. DOI: 10.1016/0002-9149(74)90089-7. PMID: 4835750.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Драпкина О. М., Шальнова С. А., Имаева А. Э. и др. Эпидемиология сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний и их факторов риска в регионах Российской Федерации. Третье исследование (ЭССЕ-РФ-3). Обоснование и дизайн исследования. Кардиоваскулярная терапия и профилактика. 2022; 21 (5): 48-57. DOI: 10.15829/1728-8800-2022-3246. edn ezuguw.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Drapkina O. M., Shalnova S. A., Imaeva A. E. and others. Epidemiology of cardiovascular diseases and their risk factors in the regions of the Russian Federation. The third study (ESSAY-RF-3). Substantiation and design of the study. Kardiovaskulyarnaya terapiya i profilaktika. 2022; 21 (5): 48-57. (In Russ.) DOI: 10.15829/1728-8800-2022-3246. edn ezuguw.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ohkuma T., Komorita Y., Peters S. A. E., Woodward M. Diabetes as a risk factor for heart failure in women and men: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 47 cohorts including 12 million individuals. Diabetologia. 2019; 62 (9): 1550-1560. DOI: 10.1007/s00125-019-4926-x. Epub 2019 Jul 18. PMID: 31317230; PMCID: PMC6677875.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ohkuma T., Komorita Y., Peters S. A. E., Woodward M. Diabetes as a risk factor for heart failure in women and men: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 47 cohorts including 12 million individuals.. Diabetologia. 2019; 62 (9): 1550-1560. DOI: 10.1007/s00125-019-4926-x. Epub 2019 Jul 18. PMID: 31317230; PMCID: PMC6677875.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cosentino F., Grant P. J., Aboyans V., Bailey C. J., Ceriello A., Delgado V., Federici M., Filippatos G., Grobbee D. E., Hansen T. B., Huikuri H. V., Johansson I., Jüni P., Lettino M., Marx N., Mellbin L. G., Östgren C. J., Rocca B., Roffi M., Sattar N., Seferović P. M., Sousa-Uva M., Valensi P., Wheeler D. C.; ESC Scientific Document Group. 2019 ESC Guidelines on diabetes, pre-diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases developed in collaboration with the EASD. Eur Heart J. 2020; 41 (2): 255-323. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz486. Erratum in: Eur Heart J. 2020; 41 (45): 4317. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz828. PMID: 31497854.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cosentino F., Grant P. J., Aboyans V., Bailey C. J., Ceriello A., Delgado V., Federici M., Filippatos G., Grobbee D. E., Hansen T. B., Huikuri H. V., Johansson I., Jüni P., Lettino M., Marx N., Mellbin L. G., Östgren C. J., Rocca B., Roffi M., Sattar N., Seferović P. M., Sousa-Uva M., Valensi P., Wheeler D. C.; ESC Scientific Document Group. 2019 ESC Guidelines on diabetes, pre-diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases developed in collaboration with the EASD. Eur Heart J. 2020; 41 (2): 255-323. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz486. Erratum in: Eur Heart J. 2020; 41 (45): 4317. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz828. PMID: 31497854.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пономарева О. В., Смирнова Е. А. Современный взгляд на роль фиброза миокарда и его биохимических маркеров в диагностике хронической сердечной недостаточности. Наука молодых (Eruditio Juvenium). 2024; 12 (2): 303-316. https://doi.org/10.23888/HMJ2024122303-316.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ponomareva O. V., Smirnova E. A. Modern view on the role of myocardial fibrosis and its biochemical markers in the diagnosis of chronic heart failure. Nauka molodykh (Eruditio Juvenium). 2024; 12 (2): 303-316. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.23888/HMJ2024122303-316.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Negishi K. Echocardiographic feature of diabetic cardiomyopathy: where are we now? Cardiovasc Diagn Ther. 2018; 8 (1): 47-56. DOI: 10.21037/cdt.2018.01.03. PMID: 29541610; PMCID: PMC5835643.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Negishi K. Echocardiographic feature of diabetic cardiomyopathy: where are we now? Cardiovasc Diagn Ther. 2018; 8 (1): 47-56. DOI: 10.21037/cdt.2018.01.03. PMID: 29541610; PMCID: PMC5835643.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ritchie R. H., Abel E. D. Basic Mechanisms of Diabetic Heart Disease. Circ Res. 2020; 126 (11): 1501-1525. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.120.315913. Epub 2020 May 21. PMID: 32437308; PMCID: PMC7251974.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ritchie R. H., Abel E. D. Basic Mechanisms of Diabetic Heart Disease. Circ Res. 2020; 126 (11): 1501-1525. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.120.315913. Epub 2020 May 21. PMID: 32437308; PMCID: PMC7251974.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nakamura M., Sadoshima J. Cardiomyopathy in obesity, insulin resistance and diabetes. J Physiol. 2020; 598 (14): 2977-2993. DOI: 10.1113/JP276747. Epub 2019 Apr 3. PMID: 30869158.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nakamura M., Sadoshima J. Cardiomyopathy in obesity, insulin resistance and diabetes. J Physiol. 2020; 598 (14): 2977-2993. DOI: 10.1113/JP276747. Epub 2019 Apr 3. PMID: 30869158.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Park T. S., Hu Y., Noh H. L., Drosatos K., Okajima K., Buchanan J., Tuinei J., Homma S., Jiang X. C., Abel E. D., Goldberg I. J. Ceramide is a cardiotoxin in lipotoxic cardiomyopathy. J Lipid Res. 2008; 49 (10): 2101-2112. DOI: 10.1194/jlr.M800147-JLR200. Epub 2008 May 30. PMID: 18515784; PMCID: PMC2533410.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Park T. S., Hu Y., Noh H. L., Drosatos K., Okajima K., Buchanan J., Tuinei J., Homma S., Jiang X. C., Abel E. D., Goldberg I. J. Ceramide is a cardiotoxin in lipotoxic cardiomyopathy. J Lipid Res. 2008; 49 (10): 2101-2112. DOI: 10.1194/jlr.M800147-JLR200. Epub 2008 May 30. PMID: 18515784; PMCID: PMC2533410.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Basu R., Oudit G. Y., Wang X., Zhang L., Ussher J. R., Lopaschuk G. D., Kassiri Z. Type 1 diabetic cardiomyopathy in the Akita (Ins2WT/C96Y) mouse model is characterized by lipotoxicity and diastolic dysfunction with preserved systolic function. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2009; 297 (6): H2096-2108. DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00452.2009. Epub 2009 Oct 2. PMID: 19801494.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Basu R., Oudit G. Y., Wang X., Zhang L., Ussher J. R., Lopaschuk G. D., Kassiri Z. Type 1 diabetic cardiomyopathy in the Akita (Ins2WT/C96Y) mouse model is characterized by lipotoxicity and diastolic dysfunction with preserved systolic function. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2009; 297 (6): H2096-2108. DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00452.2009. Epub 2009 Oct 2. PMID: 19801494.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jia G., Hill M. A., Sowers J. R. Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: An Update of Mechanisms Contributing to This Clinical Entity. Circ Res. 2018; 122 (4): 624-638. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.117.311586. PMID: 29449364; PMCID: PMC5819359.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jia G., Hill M. A., Sowers J. R. Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: An Update of Mechanisms Contributing to This Clinical Entity. Circ Res. 2018; 122 (4): 624-638. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.117.311586. PMID: 29449364; PMCID: PMC5819359.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zheng H., Zhu H., Liu X., Huang X., Huang A., Huang Y. Mitophagy in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: Roles and Mechanisms. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2021; 9: 750382. DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.750382. PMID: 34646830; PMCID: PMC8503602.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zheng H., Zhu H., Liu X., Huang X., Huang A., Huang Y. Mitophagy in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: Roles and Mechanisms. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2021; 9: 750382. DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.750382. PMID: 34646830; PMCID: PMC8503602.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bugger H., Abel E. D. Molecular mechanisms of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Diabetologia. 2014; 57 (4): 660-671. DOI: 10.1007/s00125-014-3171-6. Epub 2014 Jan 30. PMID: 24477973; PMCID: PMC3969857.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bugger H., Abel E. D. Molecular mechanisms of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Diabetologia. 2014; 57 (4): 660-671. DOI: 10.1007/s00125-014-3171-6. Epub 2014 Jan 30. PMID: 24477973; PMCID: PMC3969857.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shimizu M., Umeda K., Sugihara N., Yoshio H., Ino H., Takeda R., Okada Y., Nakanishi I. Collagen remodelling in myocardia of patients with diabetes. J Clin Pathol. 1993; 46 (1): 32-36. DOI: 10.1136/jcp.46.1.32. PMID: 7679418; PMCID: PMC501107.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shimizu M., Umeda K., Sugihara N., Yoshio H., Ino H., Takeda R., Okada Y., Nakanishi I. Collagen remodelling in myocardia of patients with diabetes. J Clin Pathol. 1993; 46 (1): 32-36. DOI: 10.1136/jcp.46.1.32. PMID: 7679418; PMCID: PMC501107.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schulze P. C., Drosatos K., Goldberg I. J. Lipid Use and Misuse by the Heart. Circ Res. 2016; 118 (11): 1736-1751. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.116.306842. PMID: 27230639; PMCID: PMC5340419.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schulze P. C., Drosatos K., Goldberg I. J. Lipid Use and Misuse by the Heart. Circ Res. 2016; 118 (11): 1736-1751. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.116.306842. PMID: 27230639; PMCID: PMC5340419.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yu W., Cheng J. D. Uric Acid and Cardiovascular Disease: An Update From Molecular Mechanism to Clinical Perspective. Front Pharmacol. 2020; 11: 582680. DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.582680. PMID: 33304270; PMCID: PMC7701250.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yu W., Cheng J. D. Uric Acid and Cardiovascular Disease: An Update From Molecular Mechanism to Clinical Perspective. Front Pharmacol. 2020; 11: 582680. DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.582680. PMID: 33304270; PMCID: PMC7701250.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ларина В. Н., Ларин В. Г. Гиперурикемия и хроническая сердечная недостаточность: факторы риска и прогностические параллели. Consilium Medicum. 2020; 22 (5): 62-66. DOI: 10.26442/20751753.2020.5.200158.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Larina V. N., Larin V. G. Hyperuricemia and chronic heart failure: risk factors and prognostic parallels. Consilium Medicum. 2020; 22 (5): 62-66. (In Russ.) DOI: 10.26442/20751753.2020.5.200158.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Miao L., Guo M., Pan D., Chen P., Chen Z., Gao J., Yu Y., Shi D., Du J. Serum Uric Acid and Risk of Chronic Heart Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.. Front Med (Lausanne). 2021; 8: 785327. DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.785327. PMID: 34977088; PMCID: PMC8715937.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Miao L., Guo M., Pan D., Chen P., Chen Z., Gao J., Yu Y., Shi D., Du J. Serum Uric Acid and Risk of Chronic Heart Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.. Front Med (Lausanne). 2021; 8: 785327. DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.785327. PMID: 34977088; PMCID: PMC8715937.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шальнова С. А., Деев А. Д., Артамонова Г. В., Дупляков Д. В., Ефанов А. Ю., Жернакова Ю. В. и др. Гиперурикемия и ее корреляты в россий ской популяции (результаты эпидемилогического исследования ЭССЕ-РФ). Рациональная Фармакотерапия в кардиологии. 2014; 10 (2): 153-159. https://doi.org/10.20996/1819-6446-2014-10-2-153-159.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shalnova S. A., Deev A. D., Artamonov G. V., Duplyakov D. V., Efanov A. Yu., Zhernakova Yu. V., et al. Hyperuricemia and its correlates in the russian population (results of ESSE-RF epidemiological study). Racionalnaya Farmakoterapiya v kardiologii. 2014; 10 (2): 153-159. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.20996/1819-6446-2014-10-2-153-159.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чазова И. Е., Жернакова Ю. В., Кисляк О. А., Подзолков В. И., Ощепкова Е. В., Миронова О. Ю., Блинова Н. В. Консенсус по ведению пациентов с гиперурикемией и высоким сердечно-сосудистым риском: 2022. Системные гипертензии. 2022; 19 (1): 5-22. https://doi.org/10.38109/2075-082X-2022-1-5-2.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chazova I. E., Zhernakova Yu. V., Kislyak O. A., Podzolkov V. I., Oshchepkova E. V., Mironova O. Yu., Blinova N. V. Consensus on the management of patients with hyperuricemia and high cardiovascular risk: 2022. Sistemnye gipertenzii. 2022; 19 (1): 5-22. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.38109/2075-082X-2022-1-5-2.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Coiro S., Carluccio E., Biagioli P., Alunni G., Murrone A., D'Antonio A., Zuchi C., Mengoni A., Girerd N., Borghi C., Ambrosio G. Elevated serum uric acid concentration at discharge confers additive prognostic value in elderly patients with acute heart failure. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2018; 28 (4): 361-368. DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2017.12.009. Epub 2018 Jan 10. PMID: 29501446.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Coiro S., Carluccio E., Biagioli P., Alunni G., Murrone A., D'Antonio A., Zuchi C., Mengoni A., Girerd N., Borghi C., Ambrosio G. Elevated serum uric acid concentration at discharge confers additive prognostic value in elderly patients with acute heart failure. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2018; 28 (4): 361-368. DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2017.12.009. Epub 2018 Jan 10. PMID: 29501446.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kuwabara M., Hisatome I., Niwa K., Hara S., Roncal-Jimenez C. A., Bjornstad P., Nakagawa T., Andres-Hernando A., Sato Y., Jensen T., Garcia G., Rodriguez-Iturbe B., Ohno M., Lanaspa M. A., Johnson R. J. Uric Acid Is a Strong Risk Marker for Developing Hypertension From Prehypertension: A 5-Year Japanese Cohort Study. Hypertension. 2018; 71 (1): 78-86. DOI: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.117.10370. Epub 2017 Dec 4. PMID: 29203632; PMCID: PMC5730471.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kuwabara M., Hisatome I., Niwa K., Hara S., Roncal-Jimenez C. A., Bjornstad P., Nakagawa T., Andres-Hernando A., Sato Y., Jensen T., Garcia G., Rodriguez-Iturbe B., Ohno M., Lanaspa M. A., Johnson R. J. Uric Acid Is a Strong Risk Marker for Developing Hypertension From Prehypertension: A 5-Year Japanese Cohort Study. Hypertension. 2018; 71 (1): 78-86. DOI: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.117.10370. Epub 2017 Dec 4. PMID: 29203632; PMCID: PMC5730471.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Galassi F. M., Borghi C. A brief history of uric acid: From gout to cardiovascular risk factor. Eur J Intern Med. 2015; 26 (5): 373. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2015.04.005. Epub 2015 Apr 18. PMID: 25898779.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Galassi F. M., Borghi C. A brief history of uric acid: From gout to cardiovascular risk factor. Eur J Intern Med. 2015; 26 (5): 373. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2015.04.005. Epub 2015 Apr 18. PMID: 25898779.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Virdis A., Masi S., Casiglia E., Tikhonoff V., Cicero A. F. G., Ungar A., Rivasi G., Salvetti M., Barbagallo C. M., Bombelli M., et al. Identification of the Uric Acid Thresholds Predicting an Increased Total and Cardiovascular Mortality Over 20 Years. Hypertension. 2020; 75: 302-308. DOI: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.119.13643.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Virdis A., Masi S., Casiglia E., Tikhonoff V., Cicero A. F. G., Ungar A., Rivasi G., Salvetti M., Barbagallo C. M., Bombelli M., et al. Identification of the Uric Acid Thresholds Predicting an Increased Total and Cardiovascular Mortality Over 20 Years. Hypertension. 2020; 75: 302-308. DOI: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.119.13643.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gu J., Fan Y. Q., Zhang H. L., Zhang J. F., Wang C. Q. Serum uric acid is associated with incidence of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and cardiovascular events in patients with arterial hypertension. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2018; 20 (3): 560-567. DOI: 10.1111/jch.13210. Epub 2018 Feb 15. PMID: 29447438; PMCID: PMC8031219.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gu J., Fan Y. Q., Zhang H. L., Zhang J. F., Wang C. Q. Serum uric acid is associated with incidence of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and cardiovascular events in patients with arterial hypertension. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2018; 20 (3): 560-567. DOI: 10.1111/jch.13210. Epub 2018 Feb 15. PMID: 29447438; PMCID: PMC8031219.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kobayashi Y., Omote K., Nagai T., Kamiya K., Konishi T., Sato T., Kato Y., Komoriyama H., Tsujinaga S., Iwano H., Yamamoto K., Yoshikawa T., Saito Y., Anzai T. Prognostic Value of Serum Uric Acid in Hospitalized Heart Failure Patients With Preserved Ejection Fraction (from the Japanese Nationwide Multicenter Registry). Am J Cardiol. 2020; 125 (5): 772-776. DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2019.12.003. Epub 2019 Dec 9. PMID: 31898963.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kobayashi Y., Omote K., Nagai T., Kamiya K., Konishi T., Sato T., Kato Y., Komoriyama H., Tsujinaga S., Iwano H., Yamamoto K., Yoshikawa T., Saito Y., Anzai T. Prognostic Value of Serum Uric Acid in Hospitalized Heart Failure Patients With Preserved Ejection Fraction (from the Japanese Nationwide Multicenter Registry). Am J Cardiol. 2020; 125 (5): 772-776. DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2019.12.003. Epub 2019 Dec 9. PMID: 31898963.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
