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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">lvrach</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Лечащий Врач</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lechaschi Vrach</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1560-5175</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2687-1181</issn><publisher><publisher-name></publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51793/OS.2024.27.10.011</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">lvrach-1299</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКТУАЛЬНАЯ ТЕМА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TOPICAL THEME</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности динамического наблюдения пациенток с диагнозом «классическая фенилкетонурия» в период беременности</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Specific characteristics of dynamic monitoring of patients diagnosed with classical phenylketonuria during pregnancy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8137-0921</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шестопалова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shestopalova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шестопалова Елена Андреевна, ассистент кафедры организации здравоохранения, общественного здоровья и медикогенетического мониторинга, врач-генетик высшей категории, Институт высшего и дополнительного профессионального образования, </p><p>115522, Москва, ул. Москворечье, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena A. Shestopalova, Assistant at the Department of Health Organization, Public Health and Medical Genetic Monitoring, a geneticist of the highest category, Institute of Higher and Additional Professional Education</p><p>115522, Moscow, Moskvorechye str., 1</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elshest@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Медико-генетический научный центр имени академика Н. П. Бочкова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Academician N. P. Bochkov Research Centre for Medical Genetics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>10</issue><fpage>72</fpage><lpage>75</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шестопалова Е.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шестопалова Е.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shestopalova E.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.lvrach.ru/jour/article/view/1299">https://journal.lvrach.ru/jour/article/view/1299</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Основная терапия фенилкетонурии – это специализированная диета с ограничением натурального белка, соответственно, и фенилаланина, с назначением специализированных продуктов лечебного питания на основе аминокислот без фенилаланина. Диетотерапия назначается сразу, как только выявляется гиперфенилаланинемия. Очень важно продолжать лечение пожизненно, не менее важно, чтобы пациенты сохраняли постоянную приверженность лечению. Однако данная терапия существенно ограничивает потребление натуральной пищи и обязывает применять аминокислотные смеси, поэтому у подавляющего большинства пациентов в подростковом и взрослом возрасте возникают трудности соблюдения диеты, они отказываются от специализированных продуктов и переходят на обычное питание. Данная ситуация приводит к постепенному развитию длительной метаболической декомпенсации и интоксикации высокими концентрациями фенилаланина и его производных. Особенно это опасно для женщин фертильного возраста с диагнозом «классическая фенилкетонурия», которые планируют беременность или беременны. Гипофенилаланиновая диета с контролем уровня фенилаланина в крови – основной принцип профилактики синдрома материнской фенилкетонурии. Однако часто калорийность рациона, потребность в жирах и углеводах невозможно компенсировать назначением одного специализированного продукта лечебного питания или естественными продуктами питания. Использование для лечения пациенток с фенилкетонурией во время беременности схем из двух специализированных продуктов лечебного питания позволяет предотвратить метаболическую катастрофу и защищает плод от тератогенного воздействия.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Приведен пример комбинации специализированных продуктов лечебного питания, обеспечивающих и повышенное содержание белкового эквивалента, и восполнение потребности в макрои микронутриентах.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. The main therapy for phenylketonuria is a specialised diet with restriction of natural protein, respectively phenylalanine with the prescription of specialised therapeutic foods based on amino acids without phenylalanine. Diet therapy is prescribed as soon as hyperphenylalaninaemia is detected. It is very important to continue treatment for life, and it is equally important that patients maintain ongoing adherence to treatment. However, this therapy significantly limits the consumption of natural foods and requires the use of amino acid mixtures, so the vast majority of patients in adolescence and adulthood have difficulty following the diet, giving up specialised foods and switching to a normal diet. This situation leads to the gradual development of prolonged metabolic decompensation, and intoxication with high concentrations of phenylalanine and its derivatives. This is especially dangerous for women of fertile age diagnosed with classical phenylketonuria who are planning pregnancy or are pregnant. A hypophenylalanine diet with control of blood phenylalanine levels is the basic principle of prevention of maternal phenylketonuria syndrome. However, often the caloric, fat, and carbohydrate requirements of the diet cannot be compensated by prescribing one specialised therapeutic food or compensated by natural foods. The use of a regimen of two specialised therapeutic foods for the treatment of patients with phenylketonuria during pregnancy can prevent a metabolic catastrophe and protect the foetus from teratogenic effects.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. An example is given of a combination of specialised therapeutic foods that provide both an increased protein equivalent content and a supplementation of macroand micronutrient demands.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>наследственные болезни обмена</kwd><kwd>гиперфенилаланинемия</kwd><kwd>фенилкетонурия</kwd><kwd>скрининг</kwd><kwd>синдром материнской фенилкетонурии</kwd><kwd>специализированный продукт лечебного питания</kwd><kwd>гипофенилаланиновая диета</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hereditary metabolic diseases</kwd><kwd>hyperphenylalaninemia</kwd><kwd>phenylketonuria</kwd><kwd>screening</kwd><kwd>maternal phenylketonuria syndrome</kwd><kwd>specialized therapeutic nutrition product</kwd><kwd>hypophenylalanine diet</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Van Spronsen F. J., van Wegberg A. M. 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