<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">lvrach</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Лечащий Врач</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lechaschi Vrach</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1560-5175</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2687-1181</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Издательство "Открытые системы"»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51793/OS.2024.27.9.003</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">lvrach-1279</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПЕДИАТРИЯ. НЕОНАТОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PEDIATRICS. NEONATOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Соматотропинома — взрослая болезнь в детском возрасте</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Somatotropinoma - adult disease in childhood</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4013-0785</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никитина</surname><given-names>И. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikitina</surname><given-names>I. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Никитина Ирина Леоровна, д.м.н., профессор, заведующая кафедрой детских болезней с клиникой лечебного факультета</p><p>197341, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Аккуратова, 2</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 56702285700</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina L. Nikitina, Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor of the Department of Childhood Diseases with the Clinic of the Faculty of Medicine</p><p>2 Akkuratova str., St. Petersburg, 197341</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 56702285700</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nikitina0901@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6341-7856</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Леонова</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Leonova</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Леонова Ирина Александровна, к.м.н., доцент кафедры детских болезней с клиникой лечебного факультета</p><p>197341, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Аккуратова, 2</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 55921506100</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina A. Leonova, Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Childhood Diseases with the Clinic of the Faculty of Medicine</p><p>2 Akkuratova str., St. Petersburg, 197341</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 55921506100</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">leonova_ia@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7942-7271</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Плаксина</surname><given-names>А. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Plaksina</surname><given-names>A. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Плаксина Анна Олеговна, ассистент кафедры детских болезней с клиникой лечебного факультета</p><p>197341, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Аккуратова, 2</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 57364565000</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna O. Plaksina, Assistant of the Department of Childhood Diseases with the Clinic of the Faculty of Medicine</p><p>Akkuratova str., St. Petersburg, 197341</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 57364565000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">plaksina_ao@almazovcentre.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6528-5484</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пятницкая</surname><given-names>Д. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pyatnitskaya</surname><given-names>D. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пятницкая Дарья Евгеньевна, детский эндокринолог</p><p>197341, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Аккуратова, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Daria E. Pyatnitskaya, Pediatric endocrinologistof the Clinic of the Faculty of Medicin</p><p>2 Akkuratova str., St. Petersburg, 197341</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">daribay@live.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2689-5117</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Уткин</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Utkin</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Уткин Алексей Юрьевич, детский эндокринолог</p><p>197341, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Аккуратова, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksei Yu. Utkin, Pediatric endocrinologist of the Clinic of the Faculty of Medicine</p><p>2 Akkuratova str., St. Petersburg, 197341</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">caesar.utkin2016@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр имени В. А. Алмазова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V. A. Almazov National Medical Research Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>09</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>9</issue><fpage>26</fpage><lpage>33</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Никитина И.Л., Леонова И.А., Плаксина А.О., Пятницкая Д.Е., Уткин А.Ю., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Никитина И.Л., Леонова И.А., Плаксина А.О., Пятницкая Д.Е., Уткин А.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nikitina I.L., Leonova I.A., Plaksina A.O., Pyatnitskaya D.E., Utkin A.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.lvrach.ru/jour/article/view/1279">https://journal.lvrach.ru/jour/article/view/1279</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. Особенностью детского и подросткового возраста являются процессы интенсивного роста и развития. Скорость и индивидуальность изменений антропометрических показателей обуславливают трудности дифференциальной диагностики физиологического роста, особенно в период полового созревания, и патологических состояний, связанных с заболеваниями эндокринной системы, в том числе редко встречающимися у детей и молодых людей в возрасте до 19 лет аденомами гипофиза, продуцирующими гормон роста, — соматотропиномами. В 2024 г. впервые опубликован международный Консенсус по диагностике и лечению аденом гипофиза у детей и подростков, в котором суммированы существующие данные о распространенности, клинических и генетических особенностях, а также подходах к диагностике и лечению питуитарных опухолей в детском возрасте.Результаты. Описан клинический случай диагностики и лечения соматотропиномы у подростка 15 лет, имеющего высокорослых родственников. Заболевание стартовало в пубертате. Длительное время отсутствовали жалобы. Приведен алгоритм клинической диагностики, логично обосновавший постановку правильного диагноза и выбор тактики лечения. Терапия соматотропиномы проведена в соответствии с рекомендациями международного консенсуса, однако предоперационная подготовка аналогами соматостатина не осуществлялась, так как, учитывая размеры макроаденомы, было принято решение о безотлагательном оперативном лечении. В результате было достигнуто значимое снижение уровня гормона роста. Отмечено, что через 6 месяцев уровни инсулиноподобного фактора роста 1 и гормона роста оставались повышенными и была обоснована терапия пролонгированным аналогом соматостатина на фоне заместительной терапии гипопитуитаризма, проявления которого сохранялись в послеоперационном периоде. Пациенту предстоит длительное медицинское наблюдение и сопровождение. Авторы имели цель подчеркнуть вероятность данной патологии, основные аспекты, позволяющие дифференцировать физиологические особенности роста в пубертате от дебюта тяжелого заболевания, и рекомендовать алгоритмы диагностики на этапах оказания медицинской помощи.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background. Processes of intensive growth and development are a feature of childhood and adolescence. The speed and individuality of changes in anthropometric indicators, especially during puberty, is the reason for the difficulty of differential diagnosis of physiological growth and pathological conditions associated with diseases of the endocrine system, including pituitary adenomas that produce growth hormone (somatotropinoma), which are rare in children and young people under 19 years of age. In 2024, the International Consensus Guideline for the diagnosis and management of pituitary adenomas in childhood and adolescence was published for the first time. It reflects data on the prevalence, clinical and genetic features, as well as approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of pituitary tumors in childhood.Results. A clinical case of diagnosis and treatment of somatotropinoma in a 15-year-old teenage boy, who has tall relatives on his mother and father’s side, is described. The onset of the disease is in puberty. There were no complaints for a long time. An algorithm for clinical diagnosis is presented that logically substantiates the correct diagnosis and choice of treatment. Therapy for somatotropinoma was carried out in accordance with the recommendations of the international consensus, however, preoperative preparation with somatostatin analogues was not carried out, since, given the size of the macroadenoma, a decision was made on immediate surgical treatment. As a result of surgical treatment, a significant decrease in the level of growth hormone was achieved. It was noted that after 6 months the levels of IGF-1 and growth hormone remained elevated and therapy with a long-acting somatostatin analogue was justified against the background of replacement therapy for hypopituitarism, the manifestations of which persisted in the postoperative period. The patient will undergo long-term medical observation and support. The authors wanted to emphasize the likelihood of this pathology, the main aspects that make it possible to differentiate the physiological characteristics of growth in puberty from the onset of a serious illness, and recommend diagnostic algorithms at the stages of medical care.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>аденома гипофиза</kwd><kwd>соматотропинома</kwd><kwd>гигантизм</kwd><kwd>гипопитуитаризм</kwd><kwd>подростки</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pituitary adenoma</kwd><kwd>somatotropinoma</kwd><kwd>gigantism</kwd><kwd>hypopituitarism</kwd><kwd>adolescents</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Korbonits M., Blair J. C., Boguslawska A., et al. Consensus guideline for the diagnosis and management of pituitary adenomas in childhood and adolescence: Part 2, specific diseases. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2024; 20 (5): 290-309. DOI: 10.1038/s41574-023-00949-7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Korbonits M., Blair J. C., Boguslawska A., et al. Consensus guideline for the diagnosis and management of pituitary adenomas in childhood and adolescence: Part 2, specific diseases. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2024; 20 (5): 290-309. DOI: 10.1038/s41574-023-00949-7.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Тыртова Л. В., Оленев А. С., Паршина Н. В. и др. Гипофизарный гигантизм. Возможности медикаментозного лечения. Педиатр. 2019; 10 (5): 93-99.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ty`rtova L. V., Olenev A. S., Parshina N. V. Pituitary gigantism. Possibilities of drug treatment. Pediatr. 2019; 10 (5): 93-99. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Burton T., Nestour E. L., Neary M., et al. Incidence and prevalence of acromegaly in a large US health plan database. Pituitary. 2016; 19 (3): 262-267.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Burton T., Nestour E. L., Neary M., et al. Incidence and prevalence of acromegaly in a large US health plan database. Pituitary. 2016; 19 (3): 262-267.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Salenave S., Boyce A. M., Collins M. T., Chanson P. Acromegaly and McCune-albright syndrome. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2014; 99 (6): 1955-1969.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Salenave S., Boyce A. M., Collins M. T., Chanson P. Acromegaly and McCune-albright syndrome. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2014; 99 (6): 1955-1969.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kirschner L. S., Carney J. A., Pack S. D., et al. Mutations of the gene encoding the protein kinase A type I-α regulatory subunit in patients with the Carney complex. Nat. Genet. 2000; 26 (1): 89-92.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kirschner L. S., Carney J. A., Pack S. D., et al. Mutations of the gene encoding the protein kinase A type I-α regulatory subunit in patients with the Carney complex. Nat. Genet. 2000; 26 (1): 89-92.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Trivellin G., Daly A. F., Faucz F. R., et al. Gigantism and acromegaly due to Xq26 microduplications and GPR101 mutation. N. Engl. J. Med. 2014; 371 (25): 2363-2374.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Trivellin G., Daly A. F., Faucz F. R., et al. Gigantism and acromegaly due to Xq26 microduplications and GPR101 mutation. N. Engl. J. Med. 2014; 371 (25): 2363-2374.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Srirangam Nadhamuni V., Iacovazzo D., Evanson J., et al. GHRH secretion from a pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor causing gigantism in a patient with MEN1. Endocrinol. Diabetes Metab. Case Rep. 2021: 20-0208.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Srirangam Nadhamuni V., Iacovazzo D., Evanson J., et al. GHRH secretion from a pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor causing gigantism in a patient with MEN1. Endocrinol. Diabetes Metab. Case Rep. 2021: 20-0208.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Borson-Chazot F., Garby L., Raverot G., et al. Acromegaly induced by ectopic secretion of GHRH: a review 30 years after GHRH discovery. Ann. Endocrinol. 2012; 73 (6): 497-502.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Borson-Chazot F., Garby L., Raverot G., et al. Acromegaly induced by ectopic secretion of GHRH: a review 30 years after GHRH discovery. Ann. Endocrinol. 2012; 73 (6): 497-502.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Joshi К., Daly A. F., Beckers А., et al. Resistant Paediatric Somatotropinomas due to AIP Mutations: Role of Pegvisomant. Horm Res Paediatr. 2018; 90 (3): 196-202.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Joshi К., Daly A. F., Beckers А., et al. Resistant Paediatric Somatotropinomas due to AIP Mutations: Role of Pegvisomant. Horm Res Paediatr. 2018; 90 (3): 196-202.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rostomyan L., Daly A. F., Petrossians P., et al. Clinical and genetic characterization of pituitary gigantism: an international collaborative study in 208 patients. Endocrine-Related Cancer. 2015; 22 (5): 745-757.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rostomyan L., Daly A. F., Petrossians P., et al. Clinical and genetic characterization of pituitary gigantism: an international collaborative study in 208 patients. Endocrine-Related Cancer. 2015; 22 (5): 745-757.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">George M. M., Eugster E. A., Chernausek S. D., et al. Pituitary Gigantism. Endotext [Internet]. South Dartmouth (MA): MDText.com, Inc.; 2000. PMID: 25905378.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">George M. M., Eugster E. A., Chernausek S. D., et al. Pituitary Gigantism. Endotext [Internet]. South Dartmouth (MA): MDText.com, Inc.; 2000. PMID: 25905378.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Personnier C., Cazabat L., Bertherat J., et al. Clinical Features and Treatment of Pediatric Somatotropinoma: Case Study of an Aggressive Tumor due to a New AIP Mutation and Extensive Literature Review. Horm Res Paediatr. 2011; 75: 392-402.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Personnier C., Cazabat L., Bertherat J., et al. Clinical Features and Treatment of Pediatric Somatotropinoma: Case Study of an Aggressive Tumor due to a New AIP Mutation and Extensive Literature Review. Horm Res Paediatr. 2011; 75: 392-402.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mindermann T., Wilson C. B. Pediatric pituitary adenomas. Neurosurgery. 1995; 36 (2): 259-268.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mindermann T., Wilson C. B. Pediatric pituitary adenomas. Neurosurgery. 1995; 36 (2): 259-268.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Misra M., Cord J., Prabhakaran R., et al. Growth hormone suppression after an oral glucose load in children. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007; 92 (12): 4623-4629.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Misra M., Cord J., Prabhakaran R., et al. Growth hormone suppression after an oral glucose load in children. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007; 92 (12): 4623-4629.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Weber M. M., Auernhammer C. J., Lee P. D., et al. Insulin-like growth factors and insulin-like growth factor binding proteins in adult patients with severe liver disease before and after orthotopic liver transplantation. Horm. Res. 2002; 57: 105-112.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Weber M. M., Auernhammer C. J., Lee P. D., et al. Insulin-like growth factors and insulin-like growth factor binding proteins in adult patients with severe liver disease before and after orthotopic liver transplantation. Horm. Res. 2002; 57: 105-112.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Haspolat K., Ece A., Gürkan F., et al. Relationships between leptin, insulin, IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 in children with energy malnutrition. Clin. Biochem. 2007; 40 (3-4), 201-205.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Haspolat K., Ece A., Gürkan F., et al. Relationships between leptin, insulin, IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 in children with energy malnutrition. Clin. Biochem. 2007; 40 (3-4), 201-205.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Svan H., Ritzen E. M., Hall K., et al. Estrogen treatment of tall girls: dose dependency of efects on subsequent growth and IGF-I levels in blood. Acta Paediatr. Scand. 1991; 80 (3), 328-332.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Svan H., Ritzen E. M., Hall K., et al. Estrogen treatment of tall girls: dose dependency of efects on subsequent growth and IGF-I levels in blood. Acta Paediatr. Scand. 1991; 80 (3), 328-332.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Famini P., Maya M. M., Melmed S. Pituitary magnetic resonance imaging for sellar and parasellar masses: ten-year experience in 2598 patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2011; 96 (6): 1633-1641.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Famini P., Maya M. M., Melmed S. Pituitary magnetic resonance imaging for sellar and parasellar masses: ten-year experience in 2598 patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2011; 96 (6): 1633-1641.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Holdaway I. M., Bolland M. J., Gamble G. D. A meta-analysis of the effect of lowering serum levels of GH and IGF-I on mortality in acromegaly. Eur J Endocrinol. 2008; 159 (2): 89-95.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Holdaway I. M., Bolland M. J., Gamble G. D. A meta-analysis of the effect of lowering serum levels of GH and IGF-I on mortality in acromegaly. Eur J Endocrinol. 2008; 159 (2): 89-95.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jane J. A. Jr., Starke R. M., Elzoghby M. A., et al. Endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery for acromegaly: remission using modern criteria, complications, and predictors of outcome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011; 96 (9): 2732-2740.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jane J. A. Jr., Starke R. M., Elzoghby M. A., et al. Endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery for acromegaly: remission using modern criteria, complications, and predictors of outcome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011; 96 (9): 2732-2740.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Minniti G., Clarke E., Scaringi C., et al. Stereotactic radiotherapy and radiosurgery for non-functioning and secreting pituitary adenomas. Rep Pract Oncol Radiother. 2016; 21 (4): 370-378.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Minniti G., Clarke E., Scaringi C., et al. Stereotactic radiotherapy and radiosurgery for non-functioning and secreting pituitary adenomas. Rep Pract Oncol Radiother. 2016; 21 (4): 370-378.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
