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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">lvrach</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Лечащий Врач</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lechaschi Vrach</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1560-5175</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2687-1181</issn><publisher><publisher-name></publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51793/OS.2024.27.6.003</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">lvrach-1249</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПЕДИАТРИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PEDIATRICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Олигосахариды козьего молока: биологическое значение для организма ребенка</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Goat milk oligosaccharides: biological significance for the baby's body</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4200-4598</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захарова</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharova</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Захарова Ирина Николаевна, д.м.н., профессор, заслуженный врач Российской Федерации, заведующая кафедрой педиатрии имени Г. Н. Сперанского; заведующая кафедрой педиатрии</p><p>125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, 2/1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina N. Zakharova, Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Honoured Doctor of the Russian Federation, Head of the Department of Pediatrics named after Academician G. N. Speransky; Head of the Department of Pediatrics</p><p>2/1 Barrikadnaya str., Moscow, 125993</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zakharova-rmapo@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2861-5619</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сугян</surname><given-names>Н. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sugian</surname><given-names>N. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сугян Нарине Григорьевна, к.м.н., доцент кафедры педиатрии имени академика Г. Н. Сперанского; заместитель главного врача</p><p>125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, 2/1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Narine G. Sugian, Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Pediatrics named after Academician G. N. Speransky; Deputy Chief Physician</p><p>2/1 Barrikadnaya str., Moscow, 125993</p><p>11 Kurkinskoe sh., Khimki, Moscow region, 141407</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">narine6969@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2121-4010</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Оробинская</surname><given-names>Я. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Orobinskaya</surname><given-names>Ya. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Оробинская Яна Владимировна, аспирант, кафедра педиатрии имени академика Г. Н. Сперанского; педиатр</p><p>125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, 2/1, стр. 1</p><p>141400, Московская область, г. Химки, ул. Родионова, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yana V. Orobinskaya, PhD student, Department of Pediatrics named after Academician G. N. Speransky; pediatrician</p><p>2/1 Barrikadnaya str., Moscow, 125993</p><p>1 Rodionov str., Khimki, Moscow region, 141400</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yanashbook@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования; Детская городская клиническая больница имени З. А. Башляевой Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education; Children's City Clinical Hospital named after Z. A. Bashlyaeva of the Department of Health of the City of Moscow</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования; Химкинская больница</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education; Khimki Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования; Химкинская больница, поликлиника «Мама и малыш»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education; Khimki Hospital, polyclinic "Mama I malysh"</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>06</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>22</fpage><lpage>28</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Захарова И.Н., Сугян Н.Г., Оробинская Я.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Захарова И.Н., Сугян Н.Г., Оробинская Я.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zakharova I.N., Sugian N.G., Orobinskaya Y.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.lvrach.ru/jour/article/view/1249">https://journal.lvrach.ru/jour/article/view/1249</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Грудное молоко является лучшим выбором для вскармливания младенца первых лет жизни. Грудное молоко позволяет передавать сигналы от матери к младенцу в рамках тесно связанной системы «мать – грудное молоко – младенец». Примечательно, что изменения, происходящие в каждом компоненте этой триады, влияют на траекторию развития младенца. Помимо обеспечения необходимыми питательными веществами, грудное молоко содержит множество биологически активных компонентов, макро- и микроэлементов, способствующих здоровому росту и развитию, позволяющих сформировать здоровую микробиоту и стимулирующих развитие иммунной системы младенца. Однако в современных реалиях женщинам не всегда удается сохранить исключительно грудное вскармливание. Нередко встает вопрос о правильном выборе молочной смеси для смешанного или искусственного вскармливания младенца. С древних времен козье молоко привлекало внимание родителей как альтернативное питание для детей. Известно, что в Европе XVIII-XIX веков козье молоко использовалось для кормления младенцев, оставленных в больницах для подкидышей, а немецкий писатель Канрад А. Цвейрлян издал книгу под названием «Коза как лучшая и наиболее действенная кормилица», где рассказал о том, что ребенок, оставшийся без матери, был выкормлен именно козьим молоком. Сегодня козье молоко называют супермолочной пищей с уникальными лечебными, питательными, иммунологическими и биологическими свойствами. Оно является источником витаминов, белков и антиоксидантов, может быть использовано для создания искусственной смеси в качестве альтернативы грудному молоку. С точки зрения питательности козье молоко заметно отличается от молока других молочных животных, обладая большей буферной способностью.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель работы</title><p>Цель работы. В настоящее время существует немало исследований, сравнивающих возможность использования молока разных видов животных (коровье, козье, буйволиное, ослиное, верблюжье и др.). В статье представлены особенности состава козьего молока, сделан акцент на молочных олигосахаридах, которые определяют часть его уникальных свойств, а также схожесть с грудным молоком.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Breast milk is the best choice for feeding an infant in the first few years of life. Breast milk allows for the transmission of signals from mother to infant within a tightly coupled mother-breast milk-infant system. Notably, the changes that occur in each component of this triad influence the infant's developmental trajectory. In addition to providing essential nutrients, breast milk contains many biologically active components, macro- and micronutrients that promote healthy growth and development, enable the formation of a healthy microbiota, and stimulate the development of the infant's immune system. However, in today's reality, women do not always manage to keep exclusively breastfeeding. Often there is a question about the right choice of milk formula for mixed or artificial feeding of the baby. Since ancient times, goat's milk has attracted the attention of parents as an alternative food for children. It is known that in Europe of XVIII-XIX centuries goat's milk was used to feed babies left in hospitals for foundlings, and the German writer Kanrad A. Zweirlian published a book called "Goat as the best and most effective nurse", where he told about the fact that a child left without a mother was fed with goat's milk. Today goat's milk is called a super milk food with unique therapeutic, nutritional, immunological and biological properties. It is a source of vitamins, proteins, and antioxidants and can be used to create artificial formula as an alternative to breast milk. From the nutritional point of view, goat's milk differs markedly from the milk of other dairy animals, having a greater buffering capacity.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. Currently, there are many studies comparing the possibility of using milk from different animal species (cow, goat, buffalo, donkey, camel, etc.). The article presents the peculiarities of goat milk composition, emphasizing on milk oligosaccharides, which determine part of its unique properties, as well as similarity with breast milk.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>грудное вскармливание</kwd><kwd>искусственное вскармливание</kwd><kwd>олигосахариды грудного молока</kwd><kwd>грудное молоко</kwd><kwd>пребиотик</kwd><kwd>микробиота</kwd><kwd>олигосахариды козьего молока</kwd><kwd>золотой стандарт кормления ребенка</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>breastfeeding</kwd><kwd>artificial feeding</kwd><kwd>breast milk oligosaccharides</kwd><kwd>breast milk</kwd><kwd>prebiotic</kwd><kwd>microbiota</kwd><kwd>goat milk oligosaccharides</kwd><kwd>gold standard of infant feeding</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nuzzi G., Trambusti I., DI Cicco M. 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