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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">lvrach</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Лечащий Врач</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lechaschi Vrach</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1560-5175</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2687-1181</issn><publisher><publisher-name></publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51793/OS.2023.26.10.011</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">lvrach-1136</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКТУАЛЬНАЯ ТЕМА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TOPICAL THEME</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Характеристика изменений сердца у больных с избыточной массой и ожирением</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Characteristics of heart changes in overweight and obese patients</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1009-099X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Миклишанская</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Miklishanskaya</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Миклишанская Софья Владимировна, к.м.н., доцент кафедры кардиологии</p><p>125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, 2/1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sofia V. Miklishanskaya, Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of Cardiology Department</p><p>2/1, b. 1 Barrikadnaya str., Moscow, 125993</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kvant83@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0984-1562</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мазур</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mazur</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мазур Николай Алексеевич, д.м.н., профессор, почетный заведующий кафедрой кардиологии</p><p>125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, 2/1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikolai A. Mazur, Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Honorary head of Cardiology Department</p><p>2/1, b. 1 Barrikadnaya str., Moscow, 125993</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nikolay.a.mazur@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9471-851X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чигинева</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chigineva</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чигинева Виктория Васильевна, к.м.н., доцент кафедры кардиологии</p><p>125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, 2/1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Victoria V. Chigineva, Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of Cardiology Department</p><p>2/1, b. 1 Barrikadnaya str., Moscow, 125993</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tschi.v.v@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9931-4928</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Золозова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zolozova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Золозова Елена Александровна, к.м.н., доцент кафедры кардиологии</p><p>125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, 2/1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>E. A. Zolozova, Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of Cardiology Department</p><p>2/1, b. 1 Barrikadnaya str., Moscow, 125993</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ezolozova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение дополнительного профессионального образования Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Additional Professional Education Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>11</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>10</issue><fpage>71</fpage><lpage>77</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Миклишанская С.В., Мазур Н.А., Чигинева В.В., Золозова Е.А., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Миклишанская С.В., Мазур Н.А., Чигинева В.В., Золозова Е.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Miklishanskaya S.V., Mazur N.A., Chigineva V.V., Zolozova E.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.lvrach.ru/jour/article/view/1136">https://journal.lvrach.ru/jour/article/view/1136</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Наибольшее влияние на нарушения структуры и функции сердца оказывает висцеральная жировая ткань. Расхождения в исследованиях по оценке влияния ожирения на структуру и функцию сердца, по-видимому, связаны с гетерогенностью ожирения и с тем, что в исследования включались и сравнивались больные с разной степенью висцерального ожирения. Влияние ожирения на сердце в большинстве случаев связано с утолщением стенки миокарда левого желудочка за счет инфильтрации липидами и слабовыраженной гипертрофии кардиомиоцитов. Помимо жировой инфильтрации межклеточного пространства миокарда, при висцеральном ожирении происходит внутриклеточное накопление жирных кислот, которые объединяются в триглицериды, что приводит к стеатозу сердца. Внутриклеточное накопление липидов, которое в публикациях называют миокардиальным жиром, в конечном итоге ведет к гибели кардиомиоцитов (липотоксичность). Эти изменения в дальнейшем ведут к диастолической дисфункции с возможным последующим развитием сердечной недостаточности независимо от влияния сопутствующих заболеваний, таких как артериальная гипертония, диабет и коронарная болезнь сердца. В меньшем числе случаев преобладание дилатации левого желудочка над утолщением стенки способствует развитию систолической дисфункции. При наличии диастолической дисфункции может также присутствовать субклинически выраженная систолическая дисфункция. Наличие сопутствующих заболеваний ускоряет и утяжеляет поражение сердца, которое имеет место при ожирении вплоть до развития дилатационной кардиопатии и тяжелой сердечной недостаточности, которую нужно называть жировой кардиопатией. Благодаря лучшему пониманию механизмов развития жировой кардиопатии стало очевидно, что это предотвратимый и потенциально обратимый процесс, связанный с избыточной массой тела, но более выраженный у пациентов с тяжелым ожирением и наличием сопутствующих заболеваний.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Учитывая обратимость изменений сердца при ожирении, необходимо как можно раньше выявлять и бороться с висцеральным ожирением и сопутствующими заболеваниями.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. The visceral adipose tissue has the greatest influence on disorders of the structure and function of the heart. Discrepancies in studies assessing the impact of obesity on the structure and function of the heart are apparently related to the heterogeneity of obesity and the fact that patients with varying degrees of visceral obesity were included and compared in the study. The effect of obesity on the heart in most cases is associated with thickening of the LV myocardial wall due to lipid infiltration and mild cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. In addition to fat infiltration of the intercellular space of the myocardium, with visceral obesity, intracellular accumulation of fatty acids occurs, which combine into triglycerides, which leads to steatosis of the heart. Intracellular accumulation of lipids, which in publications is called myocardial fat, ultimately leads to the death of a cardiomyocyte (lipotoxicity). These changes further lead to diastolic dysfunction with the possible subsequent development of heart failure, regardless of the influence of concomitant diseases such as arterial hypertension, diabetes and coronary heart disease. In a smaller number of cases, the predominance of LV dilation over wall thickening contributes to the development of systolic dysfunction. In the presence of diastolic dysfunction, subclinically pronounced systolic dysfunction may also be present. The presence of concomitant diseases repeatedly accelerates and aggravates the heart damage that occurs in obesity up to the development of dilated cardiopathy and severe heart failure, which should be called fatty cardiopathy. Thanks to a better understanding of the mechanisms of the development of fatty cardiopathy, it became obvious that this is a preventable and potentially reversible process associated with overweight, but more pronounced in people with severe obesity and the presence of concomitant diseases.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Given the reversibility of heart changes in obesity, it is necessary to detect and combat visceral obesity and concomitant diseases as early as possible.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>утолщение</kwd><kwd>дилатация</kwd><kwd>стенка левого желудочка</kwd><kwd>липотоксичность</kwd><kwd>триглицериды</kwd><kwd>эпикардиальная жировая ткань</kwd><kwd>кардиопатия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>thickening</kwd><kwd>dilation</kwd><kwd>LV wall</kwd><kwd>lipotoxicity</kwd><kwd>triglycerides</kwd><kwd>epicardial adipose tissue</kwd><kwd>cardiopathy</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Обзор написан при поддержке Российской медицинской академии непрерывного профессионального образования и Национального медицинского центра кардиологии имени академика Е. И. Чазова.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The review was written with the support of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education and the National Medical Center of Cardiology named after ac. E. I. Chazov.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Powell-Wiley T. M., Poirier P., Burke L. E., et al. Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. Circulation 2021; 143: 00-00. DOI: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000973.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Powell-Wiley T. M., Poirier P., Burke L. E., et al. Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. Circulation 2021; 143: 00-00. 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