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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">lvrach</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Лечащий Врач</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lechaschi Vrach</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1560-5175</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2687-1181</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Издательство "Открытые системы"»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51793/OS.2023.26.10.003</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">lvrach-1128</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПСИХОНЕВРОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PSYCHONEUROLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Астения. Современный концепт</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Asthenia. Modern concept</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2604-3485</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Демьяновская</surname><given-names>Е. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Demianovskaya</surname><given-names>E. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Демьяновская Екатерина Геннадьевна, к.м.н., невролог; доцент кафедры неврологии</p><p>125310, Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, 63</p><p>121359, Москва, ул. Маршала Тимошенко, 19, стр. 1А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina G. Demianovskaya, Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Neurologist; Associate Professor of the Department of Neurology</p><p>63 Volokolamskoe Shosse, Moscow, 125310</p><p>19 b. 1A Marshala Timoshenko str., Moscow, 121359</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gamovaeg@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9831-9922</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильев</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasilev</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Васильев Алексей Сергеевич, к.м.н., заведующий учебной частью, доцент кафедры неврологии</p><p>121359, Москва, ул. Маршала Тимошенко, 19, стр. 1А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksey S. Vasilev, Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Head of Education, Associate Professor of the Department of Neurology</p><p>19 b. 1A Marshala Timoshenko str., Moscow, 121359</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alexvasiliev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6802-2789</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шмырев</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shmyrev</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шмырев Владимир Иванович, д.м.н., профессор, заведующий кафедрой неврологии</p><p>121359, Москва, ул. Маршала Тимошенко, 19, стр. 1А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir I. Shmyrev, Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Neurology</p><p>19 b. 1A Marshala Timoshenko str., Moscow, 121359</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alexvasiliev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения Инфекционная клиническая больница № 1 Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы; Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение дополнительного профессионального образования Центральная государственная медицинская академия Управления делами Президента Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>State Budgetary Healthcare Institution Infectious Clinical Hospital No. 1 of the Moscow Department of Healthcare; Federal State Budgetary Institution of Additional Professional Education Central State Medical Academy of the Presidential Administration of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение дополнительного профессионального образования Центральная государственная медицинская академия Управления делами Президента Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Institution of Additional Professional Education Central State Medical Academy of the Presidential Administration of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>10</issue><fpage>18</fpage><lpage>23</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Демьяновская Е.Г., Васильев А.С., Шмырев В.И., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Демьяновская Е.Г., Васильев А.С., Шмырев В.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Demianovskaya E.G., Vasilev A.S., Shmyrev V.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.lvrach.ru/jour/article/view/1128">https://journal.lvrach.ru/jour/article/view/1128</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. В статье приводятся современные данные по эпидемиологии, патогенезу, классификации и лечению астенического синдрома. Подробно разбирается патогенез астенического синдрома и физиологический субстрат астенического симптомокомплекса: стойкое чувство усталости, недомогания, упадка энергии, отсутствия ресурсов для работы и какой-либо деятельности, слабости в мышцах, расстройства сна, гиперестезии, аффективные нарушения и т. д. Подчеркивается центральная природа астенических проявлений, зачастую не связанная с характером и выраженностью соматического расстройства – провокатора астенического синдрома.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель работы</title><p>Цель работы. По данным современной литературы рассматривается современная концепция патогенетического механизма развития астении, которая подтверждается нейровизуализационными данными, разбирается феномен центральной гипоталамической сенситизации и его клиническое значение, влияние на течение астенического расстройства. Приводится интегрированная классификация астенических расстройств, удобная для применения в реальной клинической практике, перечисляются возможные способы кодирования астении согласно действующей Международной классификации болезней 10-го пересмотра, отдельно для астенических расстройств, связанных с COVID-19.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Указывается необходимость дифференциальной диагностики астении и синдрома хронической усталости (миалгического энцефаломиелита) с приведением пересмотренных диагностических критериев последнего. Приводятся примеры клинического значения астенического синдрома, перечисляются некоторые заболевания, сопровождающиеся развитием астенизации у пациентов, в том числе описываются редкие клинические ситуации. Обозначается вектор лечения астении с применением немедикаментозных методов и лекарственной терапии. Подбираются актуальные данные по патогенетически обоснованному медикаментозному лечению, приводятся результаты современных исследований.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Акцентируется внимание на механизме действия и клинических данных по применению ноотропного препарата Актитропил (фонтурацетам) с дофаминергическим эффектом, его антиастенической активности, безопасности.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. This article provides contemporary data on the epidemiology, pathogenesis, classification and treatment of asthenic syndrome. The pathogenesis of asthenic syndrome and the physiological substrate of asthenic symptom complex are analyzed in detail: persistent feeling of fatigue, malaise, loss of energy, lack of resources for work and any activity, muscle weakness, sleep disorders, hyperesthesia, affective disorders, etc. The central nature of asthenic manifestations is emphasized, which is often unrelated to the nature and severity of somatic disorder – the provocateur of asthenic syndrome.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. The modern concept of the pathogenetic mechanism of asthenia development is considered, which is confirmed by neuroimaging data, the phenomenon of central hypothalamic sensitization and its clinical significance, influence on the course of asthenic disorder are analyzed. An integrated classification of asthenic disorders, convenient for use in real clinical practice, is given, possible ways of coding asthenia according to the current classification of diseases of the 10th revision are listed, separately for asthenic disorders associated with COVID-19.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The necessity of differential diagnosis of asthenia and chronic fatigue syndrome (myalgic encephalomyelitis) with the introduction of revised diagnostic criteria of the latter is indicated. Examples of the clinical significance of asthenic syndrome are given, some diseases accompanied by the development of asthenization in patients are listed, including rare clinical situations are described. The vector of treatment of asthenia with the use of non-drug methods and drug therapy is indicated. The current data on pathogenetically justified drug treatment are selected, the results of modern research are presented.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Attention is focused on the mechanism of action and clinical data on the use of a nootropic drug with a dopaminergic effect, its antiasthenic activity, and safety.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>астения</kwd><kwd>паравентрикулярное ядро</kwd><kwd>гипоталамус</kwd><kwd>фонтурацетам</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>asthenia</kwd><kwd>paraventricular nucleus</kwd><kwd>hypothalamus</kwd><kwd>fonturacetam</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чутко Л. С., Сурушкина С. Ю. Астенические расстройства. История и современность. Журнал неврологии и психиатрии им. С. С. 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