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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">lvrach</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Лечащий Врач</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lechaschi Vrach</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1560-5175</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2687-1181</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Издательство "Открытые системы"»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51793/OS.2023.26.9.003</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">lvrach-1115</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПЕДИАТРИЯ. НЕОНАТОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PEDIATRICS. NEONATOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Соматический пул белка, мышечная масса и саркопения как критерии нутритивного статуса в педиатрии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Somatic protein pool, muscle mass and sarcopenia as criteria for nutritional status in pediatrics</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7140-1639</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шакурова</surname><given-names>М. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shakurova</surname><given-names>M. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шакурова Медина Тауфиковна, лаборант-исследователь отдела научных основ питания и нутритивно-метаболической терапии</p><p>117198, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mеdina T. Shakurova, laboratory assistant-researcher of the Department of Scientific Fundamentals of Nutrition and Nutritional-Metabolic Therapy</p><p>1 Samora Mashela str., Moscow, 117198</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shakurova.mt@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4296-3345</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вашура</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vashura</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вашура Андрей Юрьевич, к.м.н., диетолог, заведующий отделом научных основ питания и нутритивно-метаболической терапии, доцент кафедры паллиативной педиатрии факультета дополнительного профессионального образования</p><p>117198, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey Yu. Vasura, Cand. of Sci. (Med.), nutritionist, Head of the Department of Scientific Fundamentals, Associate Professor of the Department of Palliative Pediatrics of the Faculty of Additional Professional Education</p><p>1 Samora Mashela str., Moscow, 117198</p><p>1 Ostrovityanova str., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">avashura@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0303-6899</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ковтун</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovtun</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ковтун Татьяна Анатольевна, к.м.н., педиатр, старший научный сотрудник отдела научных основ питания и нутритивно-метаболической терапии </p><p>117198, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana A. Kovtun, Cand. of Sci. (Med.), pediatrician, senior researcherь at the Department of Scientific Fundamentals of Nutrition and Nutritional Metabolic Therapy</p><p>1 Samora Mashela str., Moscow, 117198</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kovtunfnkc@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5587-3560</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сорвачева</surname><given-names>Т. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sorvacheva</surname><given-names>T. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сорвачева Татьяна Николаевна, д.м.н., профессор, заведующая кафедрой диетологии и нутрициологии</p><p>125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, 2/1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana N. Sorvacheva, Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Dietetics and Nutritionology</p><p>2/1 b. 1 Barrikadnaya str., Moscow, 125993</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sorvacheva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии имени Дмитрия Рогачева Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Institution Dmitry Rogachev National Research Center of Pediatric Hematilogy, Oncology and Immunology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии имени Дмитрия Рогачева Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации ; Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н. И. Пирогова Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Institution Dmitry Rogachev National Research Center of Pediatric Hematilogy, Oncology and Immunology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation ; Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education N. I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University&#13;
of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение дополнительного профессионального образования Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Additional Professional Education Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>9</issue><fpage>22</fpage><lpage>30</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шакурова М.Т., Вашура А.Ю., Ковтун Т.А., Сорвачева Т.Н., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шакурова М.Т., Вашура А.Ю., Ковтун Т.А., Сорвачева Т.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shakurova M.T., Vashura A.Y., Kovtun T.A., Sorvacheva T.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.lvrach.ru/jour/article/view/1115">https://journal.lvrach.ru/jour/article/view/1115</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Нутритивный статус отражает взаимосвязь потребления и метаболизма пищевых веществ в виде объективных параметров тела, его биологических сред и компонентов.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Представлен обзор литературы. Для оценки нутритивного статуса используются доступные антропометрические параметры, имеющие доказанное клиническое и прогностическое значение (масса тела, индекс массы тела и др.). Тем не менее эти показатели не отражают в полной мере компонентный состав тела, что критически важно при некоторых заболеваниях и состояниях. Более информативным показателем является соматический пул белка – запас/физиологический резерв аминокислот в организме, который обеспечивает пул скелетно-мышечной массы. Мышечная ткань является основным резервом аминокислот в организме, она становится донором необходимого белка для репарации и обеспечения повышенных нужд в острую фазу заболевания/лечения пациентов с гиперкатаболизмом при хронических заболеваниях, травмах, в онкопедиатрии и др. Важным критерием оценки нутритивного статуса является анализ риска саркопении. Саркопения (снижение мышечной массы) и динапения (снижение мышечной силы) приводят к увеличению риска заболеваний, смертности и ухудшению качества жизни. Саркопения может иметь место не только при гиперкатаболизме, но и у детей с ожирением, что увеличивает риски инсулинорезистентности и метаболического синдрома, при этом кратно потенциируется неблагоприятный прогноз. Это свидетельствует о необходимости применения различных методов оценки мышечной массы/силы, а также выявления риска развития саркопении для адекватной, дифференцированной в зависимости от этиологических факторов нутритивной поддержки и других факторов реабилитации. В коррекции саркопении важно учитывать ее этиопатогенез.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Увеличение белка в суточном рационе является эффективным средством, чтобы замедлить или предотвратить мышечный катаболизм и саркопению, в том числе у детей с ожирением. Однако восстановление скелетно-мышечной массы и профилактика саркопении это не изолированное увеличение белка в рационе, а полноценное питание с достаточным содержанием легкоусвояемого белка и с поиском и возможным устранением причин саркопении и факторов, способствующих ее усугублению.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Nutritional status reflects the relationship between consumption and metabolism of nutrients, in the form of objective parameters of the body, its biological media and components.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. A review of the literature is presented. To assess nutritional status, available anthropometric parameters that have proven clinical and prognostic significance (body weight, body mass index, etc.) are used. However, these indicators do not fully reflect the component composition of the body, which is critically important for some diseases and conditions. A more informative indicator is the somatic protein pool – the reserve/physiological reserve of amino acids in the body, which provides a pool of skeletal muscle mass. Muscle tissue is the main reserve of amino acids in the body; it becomes a donor of the necessary protein for repair and to meet increased needs in the acute phase of the disease/treatment of patients with hypercatabolism in chronic diseases, injuries, oncopediatrics, etc. An important criterion for assessing nutritional status is the analysis of the risk of sarcopenia. Sarcopenia (decreased muscle mass) and dynapenia (decreased muscle strength) lead to increased risk of disease, mortality, and poor quality of life. Sarcopenia can occur not only in hypercatabolism, but also in obese children, which increases the risks of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome, while the unfavorable prognosis is greatly enhanced. This indicates the need to use various methods for assessing muscle mass/strength, as well as identifying the risk of developing sarcopenia for adequate differentiated nutritional support and other rehabilitation factors depending on the etiological factors. In the correction of sarcopenia, it is important to take into account its etiopathogenesis. Increasing protein in the daily diet is effective in slowing or preventing muscle catabolism and sarcopenia, including in obese children. However, restoration of skeletal muscle mass and prevention of sarcopenia is not an isolated increase in protein in the diet, but a nutritious diet with a sufficient content of easily digestible protein and the search and possible elimination of the causes of sarcopenia and factors contributing to its aggravation.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>педиатрия</kwd><kwd>нутритивный статус</kwd><kwd>саркопения</kwd><kwd>оценка нутритивного статуса</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pediatrics</kwd><kwd>nutritional status</kwd><kwd>sarcopenia</kwd><kwd>assessment of nutritional status</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Хорошилов И. Е., Панов П. Б. Клиническая нутрициология: учеб. пособие. Под ред. А. В. Шаброва. СПб: ЭЛБИ-СПб, 2009. 284 с. [Khoroshilov I. Ye., Panov P. B. Clinical nutritionology: textbook. Allowance. Pod red. A. 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