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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">lvrach</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Лечащий Врач</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lechaschi Vrach</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1560-5175</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2687-1181</issn><publisher><publisher-name></publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51793/OS.2023.26.8.013</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">lvrach-1109</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКТУАЛЬНАЯ ТЕМА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TOPICAL THEME</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Синдром антителозависимого усиления инфекции</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Syndrome of antibody-dependent enhancement of infection</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1326-9274</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гришаева</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grishaeva</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гришаева Антонина Алексеевна, к.м.н., младший научный сотрудник клинического отдела инфекционной патологии; инфекционист</p><p>111123, Москва, ул. Новогиреевская, 3а</p><p>142770, Москва, ул. Сосенский Стан, 8, стр. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Antonina A. Grishaeva, MD, Junior Researcher of the Clinical Department of Infectious Pathology; infectiologist</p><p>3a Novogireevskaya str., Moscow, 111123</p><p>8 p. 3 Sosenskiy Stan str., Moscow, 142770</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">antoninagrishaeva@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6539-4878</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Понежева</surname><given-names>Ж. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ponezheva</surname><given-names>Zh. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Понежева Жанна Бетовна, д.м.н., заведующая клиническим отделом инфекционной патологии</p><p>111123, Москва, ул. Новогиреевская, 3а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zhanna B. Ponezheva, Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Head of the Clinical Department of Infectious Pathology </p><p>3a Novogireevskaya str., Moscow, 111123</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">doktorim@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черенова</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Cherenova</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Черенова Маргарита Игоревна, студентка 6-го курса</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Margarita I. Cherenova, 6-year student </p><p>11 Ostrovityanova str., Moscow, 17997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">margo.cherenova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федорова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedorova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Федорова Ольга Викторовна, студентка 6-го курса; помощник врача-эпидемиолога</p><p>142770, Москва, ул. Сосенский Стан, 8, стр. 3</p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8/2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Fedorova, 6-year student; assistant epidemiologist</p><p>8 p. 3 Sosenskiy Stan str., Moscow, 142770</p><p>8/2 Trubetskaya str., Moscow, 119991</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olenka732404020@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Доброхотова</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dobrokhotova</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доброхотова Юлия Алексеевна, студентка 6-го курса; помощник врача-эпидемиолога</p><p>142770, Москва, ул. Сосенский Стан, 8, стр. 3</p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8/2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yulia A. Dobrokhotova, 6-year student; assistant epidemiologist</p><p>8 p. 3 Sosenskiy Stan str., Moscow, 142770</p><p>8/2 Trubetskaya str., Moscow, 119991</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dobrohotovayulya@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хохлов</surname><given-names>Г. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khokhlov</surname><given-names>G. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хохлов Глеб Николаевич, студент 6-го курса; помощник врача-эпидемиолога</p><p>142770, Москва, ул. Сосенский Стан, 8, стр. 3</p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8/2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gleb N. Khokhlov, 6-year student; assistant epidemiologist</p><p>8 p. 3 Sosenskiy Stan str., Moscow, 142770</p><p>8/2 Trubetskaya str., Moscow, 119991</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kaygero@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное бюджетное учреждение науки Центральный научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии Роспотребнадзора; Государственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения Московский многопрофильный клинический центр «Коммунарка» Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Budgetary Institution of Science Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of Rospotrebnadzor, Russian Inspectorate for the Protection of Consumer Rights and Human Well-Being; State Budgetary Healthcare Institution Moscow Multidisciplinary Clinical Center "Kommunarka" of the Department of Healthcare of the City of Moscow</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное бюджетное учреждение науки Центральный научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии Роспотребнадзора</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Budgetary Institution of Science Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of Rospotrebnadzor, Russian Inspectorate for the Protection of Consumer Rights and Human Well-Being</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н. И. Пирогова Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education N. I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения Московский многопрофильный клинический центр «Коммунарка» Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы;Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И. М. Сеченова Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>State Budgetary Healthcare Institution Moscow Multidisciplinary Clinical Center "Kommunarka" of the Department of Healthcare of the City of Moscow; Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>08</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>7-8</issue><fpage>86</fpage><lpage>92</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гришаева А.А., Понежева Ж.Б., Черенова М.И., Федорова О.В., Доброхотова Ю.А., Хохлов Г.Н., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гришаева А.А., Понежева Ж.Б., Черенова М.И., Федорова О.В., Доброхотова Ю.А., Хохлов Г.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Grishaeva A.A., Ponezheva Z.B., Cherenova M.I., Fedorova O.V., Dobrokhotova Y.A., Khokhlov G.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.lvrach.ru/jour/article/view/1109">https://journal.lvrach.ru/jour/article/view/1109</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Антителозависимое усиление (Antibody-Dependent Enhancement) является альтернативным путем проникновения вируса в клетки-мишени. В этом процессе перекрестно-реактивные противовирусные антитела улучшают доступ вируса к клеткам через взаимодействие со специфическими рецепторами (рецепторами комплемента и Fc-рецептором на поверхности клеток), что приводит к утяжелению инфекции. Данный феномен широко изучен при лихорадке Денге, однако его вклад в патогенез других вирусных инфекций все еще остается малоисследованным.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Было показано, что развитие антителозависимого усиления при лихорадке Денге возникает при вторичной инфекции в случае инфицирования серотипом вируса, отличным от первичного заражения. Антитела, выработанные при первичной инфекции, не способны полностью нейтрализовать другой серотип вируса, а вместо этого могут связываться с вирусом и Fc-рецепторами на клетках, что способствует интенсивному проникновение вируса в эти клетки, усилению репликации и развитию цитокинового шторма, приводящего к увеличению капиллярной утечки и развитию геморрагической формы лихорадки Денге. Отмечено, что развитие антителозависимого усиления при коронавирусных инфекциях у животных серьезно утяжеляет течение заболевания, однако вклад данного синдрома в клинику COVID-19 малоизучен, в то время как постоянная смена доминирующего геноварианта вируса создает предпосылки для повторного инфицирования. Многочисленные исследования по изучению антителозависимого усиления позволили описать возможные механизмы его возникновения, а также определить условия, необходимые для его развития.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Особую настороженность вызывает феномен ассоциированного с вакциной усиления вирусной инфекции, приводящий к утяжелению ее картины при образовании непротективных антител у пациентов после иммунизации. Внедрение в клиническую практику векторных вакцин привело к существенному увеличению риска прорывных инфекций и тяжелых форм, что накладывает ограничения на использование данных вакцин, а также создает повышенные требования к их разработке и испытаниям.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Antibody-Dependent Enhancement is an alternative route for virus entry into the target cells. In this process, cross-reactive antiviral antibodies improve the access of the virus to cells through interaction with specific receptors (complement receptors and Fc receptor on the cell surface), which leads to worsening of the infection. This phenomenon has been widely studied in dengue fever, however, at present its contribution to the pathogenesis of other viral infections remains poorly understood.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. It has been shown that the development of Antibody-Dependent Enhancement in dengue fever occurs with a secondary infection, in the case of infection with a different serotype of the virus from the primary infection. Antibodies produced during a primary infection are not able to completely neutralize another serotype of the virus, but instead bind to the virus and Fc receptors on cells, which contributes to increased penetration of the virus into these cells, increased replication and the development of a "cytokine storm" leading to increased capillary leakage and the development of hemorrhagic form of dengue fever. It has been noted that the development of Antibody-Dependent Enhancement in coronavirus infections in animals seriously aggravates the course of the disease, however, the contribution of this syndrome to the COVID-19 clinic manifestations is poorly understood, while the constant change in the dominant virus genetic variant creates prerequisites for re-infection. Numerous studies of the Antibody-Dependent Enhancement made it possible to describe the possible mechanisms of its occurrence and to determine the necessary conditions for its development.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Of particular concern is the phenomenon of a vaccine-associated enhancement of viral infection, which leads to a worsening of the viral infection with the formation of non-protective antibodies in patients after immunization. The introduction of vector vaccines into clinical practice has led to a significant increase in the risk of breakthrough infections and severe forms, which imposes restrictions on the use of these vaccines, and creates increased requirements for their development and testing.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>антителозависимое усиление инфекции</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>Fc-рецептор</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Antibody-Dependent Enhancement of infection</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>Fc-receptors</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hawkes R. A., Lafferty K. J. The enchancement of virus infectivity by antibody. Virology. 1967; 33 (2): 250-261. DOI: 10.1016/0042-6822(67)90144-4. PMID: 6053142.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hawkes R. A., Lafferty K. J. The enchancement of virus infectivity by antibody. 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