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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">lvrach</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Лечащий Врач</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lechaschi Vrach</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1560-5175</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2687-1181</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Издательство "Открытые системы"»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51793/OS.2023.26.8.008</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">lvrach-1104</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕРАПИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>THERAPY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Пролежни: современные подходы к профилактике и лечению</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pressure ulcers: modern approaches of prevention and treatment</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1995-5438</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сомов</surname><given-names>Н. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Somov</surname><given-names>N. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сомов Никита Олегович, к.м.н., ассистент кафедры факультетской хирургии № 2</p><p> 117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikita O. Somov, Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Аssistant of the Department of faculty surgery № 2</p><p>1 Ostrovityanova str., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nikitasomer@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н. И. Пирогова Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education N. I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>08</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>7-8</issue><fpage>52</fpage><lpage>62</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сомов Н.О., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сомов Н.О.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Somov N.O.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.lvrach.ru/jour/article/view/1104">https://journal.lvrach.ru/jour/article/view/1104</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Несмотря на то, что в большинстве случаев появление пролежней можно предотвратить, эта проблема продолжает оставаться актуальной, затрагивая до 30 млн пациентов в общей популяции. Пролежни являются серьезной медицинской, социальной и экономической проблемой, оказывая существенное влияние не только на общее самочувствие пациента, но также и на качество его жизни на физическом, эмоциональном и психологическом уровнях. При этом данное заболевание требует серьезных финансовых затрат на лечение одного пациента. Пролежень (лат. decubitus) представляет собой локальное повреждение кожи и подлежащих тканей, которое может быть вызвано продолжительным воздействием непрерывного давления на ткани. К наиболее значимым факторам риска образования пролежней относят пожилой возраст, когнитивные нарушения, ограниченную двигательную активность пациентов, а также такие коморбидные состояния, как недержание мочи и кала, отеки, нарушение микроциркуляции, гипоальбуминемия, недостаточное питание, отсутствие полноценного и правильного ухода. Ключевое значение в развитии пролежней играет синдром длительного сдавления с последующим развитием микроциркуляторных нарушений. Пролежни образуются в местах наибольшего сдавления, где в области костных или хрящевых выступов практически отсутствует подкожно-жировая клетчатка. Обычно пролежни возникают на поверхности кожи над областью крестца и копчика, остистыми отростками позвоночника, пяточной кости, областями локтевых и коленных суставов, акромиального отростка и ости лопатки. Качественный и регулярный уход за пациентом, который может проводиться как дома, так и в стационаре, является наилучшей профилактикой развития пролежней. Помимо ухода, немаловажную роль играет врачебный контроль, который позволяет остановить как дальнейшее прогрессирование пролежней, так и развитие осложнений.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Рассмотрены подходы к профилактике и лечению пролежней, приведен клинический пример.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Лечение пролежней является сложной и трудоемкой задачей, требующей значительных экономических и кадровых ресурсов, комплексного междисциплинарного подхода. Основной принцип лечения пролежневых язв заключается в адекватности подобранной терапии, исходя из стадии пролежневого процесса. В связи с этим остается актуальным не только поиск новых результативных методов лечения данной патологии, но и оптимизация работы среднего и младшего персонала по уходу, а также активное внедрение комплексного, междисциплинарного подхода к профилактике и лечению пролежней.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Despite the fact that in most cases the appearance of pressure ulcers can be prevented, this problem continues to be relevant, affecting up to 30 million patients in the general population. Pressure ulcers are a serious medical, social and economic problem, having a significant impact not only on the general well-being of the patient, but also on the quality of his life on the physical, emotional and psychological levels. At the same time, this disease requires serious financial costs for the treatment of one patient. Pressure ulcer (lat. decubitus) is a local damage to the skin and underlying tissues, which can be caused by prolonged exposure to continuous pressure on the tissues. The most significant risk factors for the formation of pressure ulcers include old age, cognitive impairment, limited motor activity of patients, as well as comorbid conditions, such as urinary and fecal incontinence, edema, microcirculation disorders, hypoalbuminemia, malnutrition and lack of proper care. The syndrome of prolonged compression with the subsequent development of microcirculatory disorders plays a key role in the development of pressure ulcers. Pressure ulcers are formed in places of greatest compression, where there is practically no subcutaneous fat in the area of bone or cartilaginous protrusions. Usually pressure ulcers occur on the surface of the skin above the sacrum and coccyx, the spinous processes of the spine, the calcaneus, the areas of the elbow and knee joints, the acromial process and the spine of the scapula. High-quality and regular patient care, which can be carried out both at home and in a hospital, is the best prevention of the development of pressure ulcers. In addition to care, an important role is played by medical supervision, which allows you to stop both the further progression of pressure ulcers and the development of complications.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Approaches of the prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers are considered, a clinical case is given.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Treatment of pressure ulcers is a complex and time-consuming task that requires significant economic and human resources, an integrated interdisciplinary approach. The basic principle of the treatment of pressure ulcers is the adequacy of the selected treatment, based on the stage of the pressure ulcer process. In this regard, it remains relevant not only to search for new, effective methods of treating this pathology, but also to optimize the work of middle and junior care staff, as well as the active introduction of an integrated, interdisciplinary approach in the prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>пожилые пациенты</kwd><kwd>кожа</kwd><kwd>повреждение</kwd><kwd>пролежни</kwd><kwd>профилактика</kwd><kwd>лечение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>elderly patients</kwd><kwd>skin</kwd><kwd>damage</kwd><kwd>pressure ulcers</kwd><kwd>prevention</kwd><kwd>treatment</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mervis J. S., Phillips T. J. 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