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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">lvrach</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Лечащий Врач</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lechaschi Vrach</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1560-5175</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2687-1181</issn><publisher><publisher-name></publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51793/OS.2023.26.6.010</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">lvrach-1088</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКТУАЛЬНАЯ ТЕМА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TOPICAL THEME</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности ректального лечения воспалительных заболеваний кишечника</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Features of rectal treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3247-0600</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Егоров</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Egorov</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Егоров Денис Владимирович, к.м.н., старший преподаватель 2 кафедры (терапии усовершенствования врачей) </p><p>194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, 6 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Denis V. Egorov, MD, senior lecturer of the 2 Department of Advanced Therapy for Physicians </p><p>6 Akademika Lebedeva str., Saint Petersburg, 194044</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">d.egorov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6386-5739</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лазарева</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lazareva</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лазарева Юлия Анатольевна, преподаватель 2 кафедры (терапии усовершенствования врачей) </p><p>194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuliya A. Lazareva, lecturer of the 2 Department of Advanced Therapy for Physicians </p><p>6 Akademika Lebedeva str., Saint Petersburg, 194044</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">petrovaju@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2785-6699</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванюк</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanyuk</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иванюк Елена Сергеевна, к.м.н., гастроэнтеролог, доцент 2 кафедры (терапии усовершенствования врачей) </p><p>194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena S. Ivanyuk, MD, gastroenterologist, Associate Professor of the 2 Department of Advanced Therapy for Physicians </p><p>6 Akademika Lebedeva str., Saint Petersburg, 194044</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oper_hir@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5623-4226</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Селиверстов</surname><given-names>П. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Seliverstov</surname><given-names>P V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Селивёрстов Павел Васильевич, к.м.н., доцент 2 кафедры (терапии усовершенствования врачей) </p><p>194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pavel V. Seliverstov, MD, Associate Professor of the 2 Department of Advanced Therapy for Physicians </p><p>6 Akademika Lebedeva str., Saint Petersburg, 194044</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">seliverstov-pv@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8347-0531</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кравчук</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kravchuk</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кравчук Юрий Алексеевич, д.м.н., профессор 2 кафедры (терапии усовершенствования врачей) </p><p>194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yurii A. Kravchuk, Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor of the 2 Department of Advanced Therapy for Physicians </p><p>6 Akademika Lebedeva str., Saint Petersburg, 194044</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kravchuk2003@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное военное образовательное учреждение высшего образования Военномедицинская академия имени С. М. Кирова Министерства обороны Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Military Educational Institution of Higher Education S. M. Kirov Military Medical Academy of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>07</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>69</fpage><lpage>77</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Егоров Д.В., Лазарева Ю.А., Иванюк Е.С., Селиверстов П.В., Кравчук Ю.А., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Егоров Д.В., Лазарева Ю.А., Иванюк Е.С., Селиверстов П.В., Кравчук Ю.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Egorov D.V., Lazareva Y.A., Ivanyuk E.S., Seliverstov P.V., Kravchuk Y.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.lvrach.ru/jour/article/view/1088">https://journal.lvrach.ru/jour/article/view/1088</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье представлена информация о местной терапии воспалительных заболеваний кишечника, особенностях применения разных ректальных форм лекарственных препаратов противовоспалительной терапии. Базовым препаратом для лечения больных с воспалительными заболеваниями кишечника являются 5-АСК, применяемые как местно или внутрь, так и в комбинации, в том числе в составе комплексной терапии. Наиболее частой формой начального этапа развития язвенного колита является проктосигмоидит, или левосторонний колит. Все три формы 5-АСК для ректального введения (свечи, клизмы и пена) по данным клинических исследований, в которых оценивалась частота достижения клинической ремиссии проктита, оказались одинаково эффективны. Введение пены месалазина через прямую кишку действует непосредственно на слизистую оболочку конечных отделов кишечника. Благодаря высокой адгезивной способности пены препарат 5-АСК может прилипать к слизистой оболочке, что обеспечивает длительный контакт препарата с пораженным участком кишечника. Кроме того, способная диффундировать пена распространяется из места введения проксимально по ходу толстой кишки, постепенно расширяясь до максимально возможного объема. В то же время длительность контакта (экспозиции) препарата со слизистой кишечника увеличивает эффективность его действия. Небольшой объем однократной дозы ректальной пены, по сравнению с клизмами, способствует лучшей переносимости пациентом и более высокой приверженности лечению. При легком и среднетяжелом течении язвенного проктита, а также левостороннего язвенного колита ректальные препараты 5-АСК являются первой линией терапии. Для распространенного и тотального колита целесообразно использование комбинации ректальной и пероральной форм 5-АСК. Подробные рекомендации врача по введению препарата помогают соблюдать режим лечения и значительно повышают эффективность терапии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article provides information on local inflammatory bowel diseases therapy, the peculiarities of the use of various rectal forms of anti-inflammatory drugs. The basic drug for the treatment of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases is 5-ASA, used both topically or orally, and in combination, including as part of complex therapy. The most common form of the initial stage of ulcerative colitis is proctosigmoiditis or left-sided colitis. All three forms of 5-ASA for rectal administration (candles, enemas and foam), according to clinical studies that evaluated the frequency of achieving clinical remission of proctitis, were equally effective. The introduction of mesalazine foam through the rectum acts directly on the mucous membrane of the end parts of the intestine. Due to the high adhesive ability of the foam, the drug 5-ASA can "stick" to the mucous membrane, which ensures long-term contact of the drug with the affected area of the intestine. In addition, the foam, having the ability to diffuse, spreads from the injection site proximally along the course of the colon, gradually expanding to the maximum possible volume. At the same time, the duration of contact (exposure) of the drug with the intestinal mucosa increases the effectiveness of its action. A small volume of a single dose of rectal foam, compared with enemas, contributes to better patient tolerance and higher adherence to treatment. In mild and moderate course of ulcerative proctitis, as well as left-sided ulcerative colitis, rectal preparations of 5-ASA are the first line of therapy. For common and total colitis, it is advisable to use a combination of rectal and oral forms of 5-ASA. Detailed recommendations of the doctor on the administration of the drug help to comply with the treatment regimen and significantly increase the effectiveness of therapy.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>язвенный колит</kwd><kwd>болезнь Крона</kwd><kwd>проктит</kwd><kwd>колит</kwd><kwd>месалазин</kwd><kwd>ректальная пена</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>ulcerative colitis</kwd><kwd>Crohn's disease</kwd><kwd>proctitis</kwd><kwd>colitis</kwd><kwd>mesalazine</kwd><kwd>rectal foam</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Khare V., Krnjic A., Frick A., et al. Mesalamine and azathioprine modulate junctional complexes and restore epithelial barrier function in intestinal inflammation // Sci Rep. 2019; 9: 2842.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khare V., Krnjic A., Frick A., et al. 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