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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">lvrach</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Лечащий Врач</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lechaschi Vrach</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1560-5175</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2687-1181</issn><publisher><publisher-name></publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51793/OS.2023.26.3.002</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">lvrach-1030</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭНДОКРИНОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ENDOCRINOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Гибридный тип диабета у пациента с медленно развивающимся иммуноопосредованным диабетом и генетическими маркерами предрасположенности к сахарному диабету 2 типа и ожирению. Клиническое наблюдение</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hybrid diabetes in a patient with latent autoimmune diabetes in adults and genetic markers of predisposition to type 2 diabetes and obesity. Сlinical observation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2948-3061</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ветрова</surname><given-names>А. B.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vetrova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ветрова Анна Владиславовна, эндокринолог</p><p>413116, Саратовская область, Энгельс, ул. Весенняя, 6</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna V. Vetrova, endocrinologist </p><p>413116, Russia, Saratov Region, Engels, Vesennaya str., 6</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">annvetrova1996@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2948-3061</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Орлова</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Orlova</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Орлова Марина Михайловна, кандидат медицинских наук, ассистент кафедры эндокринологии</p><p>410012, Россия, Саратов, ул. Большая Казачья, 112</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina M. Orlova, MD, Assistant of the Department of Endocrinology </p><p>410012, Russia, Saratov, Bolshaya Kazachya str., 112</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">badakmm84@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3101-9201</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колобанова</surname><given-names>Н. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolobanova</surname><given-names>N. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Колобанова Наталия Егоровна, эндокринолог</p><p>410031, Саратов, ул. Большая Горная, 43</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia E. Kolobanova, endocrinologist </p><p>43 Bolshaya Gornaya str., Saratov, 410031, Russia</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kolobanovan1982@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственное автономное учреждение здравоохранения Энгельсская городская клиническая больница № 1</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>State Autonomous Healthcare Institution Engels City Clinical Hospital No. 1</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования Саратовский государственный медицинский университет имени В. И. Разумовского Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education V. I. Razumovsky Saratov State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственное учреждение здравоохранения «Саратовская городская клиническая больница № 9»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>State Healthcare Institution Saratov City Clinical Hospital No. 9</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>14</fpage><lpage>17</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ветрова А.B., Орлова М.М., Колобанова Н.Е., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ветрова А.B., Орлова М.М., Колобанова Н.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vetrova A.V., Orlova M.M., Kolobanova N.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.lvrach.ru/jour/article/view/1030">https://journal.lvrach.ru/jour/article/view/1030</self-uri><abstract><p>Мы представляем клинический случай мужчины 40 лет, европеоидной расы, с дебютом сахарного диабета в 27 лет. Манифестация диабета с учетом наличия избытка массы тела была расценена как сахарный диабет 2 типа, однако назначенные таблетированые сахароснижающие препараты пациент получал на протяжении всего 6 месяцев и в последующем был переведен на интенсивную схему инсулинотерапии в связи с неудовлетворительными показателями гликемии. Диагностический поиск возобновлен спустя 6 лет после постановки диагноза для уточнения типа диабета. Этот период наблюдения наглядно продемонстрировал типичное течение LADA-диабета. Постепенное снижение уровня С-пептида, абсолютная потребность в инсулинотерапии через 6 месяцев от выявления диабета, а также положительные аутоиммунные маркеры (антитела к декарбоксилазе глютаминовой кислоты) свидетельствуют в пользу относительно редкого варианта диабета. Давно привлекает внимание идея «гибридных» форм диабета, так как в основе их патогенеза могут лежать различные варианты повреждения β-клеток, что влияет на течение, прогноз и клиническую тактику. В частности, на примере LADA-диабета можно проследить, какие именно генетические маркеры ответственны за повреждение β-клеток поджелудочной железы, так как фенотипически LADA представляет собой гибрид диабета 1 и 2 типа, что дает основания воспринимать генетическую характеристику LADA как сочетание вариантов генов, связанных как с диабетом 1 типа, так и с диабетом 2 типа. Пациенту проводилось генетическое тестирование по 9 основным генам, мутации в которых ответственны за предрасположенность к ожирению и развитие сахарного диабета 2 типа. По результатам данного исследования у пациента обнаружена гетерозиготная мутация в генах TCF7L2, CDKAL1, CDKN2A/2B. У пациента выявлен гибридный диабет, сочетающий как иммунологические маркеры LADA-диабета – положительные антитела к декарбоксилазе глютаминовой кислоты, так и генетические маркеры сахарного диабета 2 типа (мутация в генах TCF7L2, CDKAL1, CDKN2A/2B). Данный клинический случай представляет особый интерес, так как количество больных с дебютом сахарного диабета в молодом возрасте и отсутствием признаков абсолютной инсулиновой недостаточности в дебюте заболевания неуклонно растет. Правильно подобранная сахароснижающая терапия с момента выявления заболевания играет одну из ключевых ролей для прогноза лечения сахарного диабета.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>We present a case report of a 40-year-old Caucasian man who was diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus at the age of 27. In his case, the patient took oral hypoglycemic drugs for 6 months, but then insulin therapy was started because glycemic goals were not achieved. In order to verify the right type of diabetes after 6 years of the onset of disease, the patient was tested on the main immunological and genetic markers of diabetes mellitus. This observation period clearly demonstrated the "typical" course of LADA. The main signs of LADA are – gradual decreasing in the level of C-peptide, starting insulin therapy after 6 months from the onset of diabetes. LADA is associates with positive autoimmune markers (GAD-antibodies) in blood samples. In the case of our patient we saw the "classical" development of LADA. According to modern datas, pathogenesis of different types of diabetes is based on multiple variants of β-cell damage, which can lead to unique course of treatment and manifestation of macroand microvascular complications. It means that different gene combination can cause clinical symptoms of diabetes which can not be classified only on 1 or 2 type of diabetes. The idea of "hybrid" forms of diabetes has long attracted attention, since their pathogenesis may be based on various types of damage to β-cells, which affects the course, prognosis, and clinical tactics. On the one side we see typical LADA signs. On the other case, physicians wanted to see the prognosis of the disease, especially predict the same case of LADA in patient’s family. The patient underwent genetic testing for 9 main genes, mutations in which are responsible for predisposition to obesity and type 2 diabetes. According to the results of this study, the patient had a heterozygous mutation in the genes: TCF7L2, CDKAL1, CDKN2A/2B. The patient revealed a hybrid form of LADA, combining both immunological markers of LADA (positive antibodies to GAD), as well as genetic markers of type 2 diabetes mellitus (mutation in the genes TCF7L2, CDKAL1, CDKN2A/2B). The number of patients with the onset of diabetes mellitus at a young age and the absence of a sign of absolute insulin deficiency are increasing. Genetic, immunological tests can help patients to achieve glycemic goals and prevent macroand microvascular complications</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сахарный диабет</kwd><kwd>терапия</kwd><kwd>эндокринология</kwd><kwd>латентный аутоиммунный диабет взрослых</kwd><kwd>LADA-диабет</kwd><kwd>мутации</kwd><kwd>гибридный диабет</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>diabetes mellitus</kwd><kwd>therapy</kwd><kwd>endocrinology</kwd><kwd>latent autoimmune diabetes in adults</kwd><kwd>mutations</kwd><kwd>hybrid diabetes</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tuomi T., Groop L. C., Zimmet P. Z., et al. Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase reveal latent autoimmune diabetes mellitus in adults with a non-insulin-dependent onset of disease // Diabetes. 1993; 42: 359-362.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tuomi T., Groop L. 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